Meet your master, the almighty.
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Forebrain
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Consists of Cerebrum and Diencephalon
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Cerebellum
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Inferior to the forebrain
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Brainstem
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Consists of Midbrain, Pons and Medulla Oblongata
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Primary Somatosensory Cortex
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Processes somatic sensory information
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1)Somesthetic sensations such as touch, temperature and pain
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2)Proprioception such as awareness of muscle tension, joint and limb position
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Primary Motor Cortex
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Initiates voluntary movement
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Actions that require thought such as playing the piano
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Location
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Inferior to forebrain, posterior to brain stem
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No direct connection with muscles
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Functions at unconscious level
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Receives variety of information
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Information about voluntary muscle activity from motor cortex
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Sensory information from proprioceptors throughout body
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Information from visual and equilibrium pathways
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Integrate this information and elicit a coordinated response
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Sends its coordination plan to primary motor cortex
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Primary motor cortex signals the muscles to elicit desired response
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Pyramidal Tracts
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Direct pathways from primary motor cortex to spinal cord
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Corticospinal tracts (Anterior & Lateral)
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Control small group of muscles that contract independently of each other
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Extrapyramidal Tracts
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Indirect connections between brain and spinal cord
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Includes all motor pathways outside pyramidal system
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Control large group of muscle that contract together to maintain posture and balance
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Subcortical Nuclei
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Regions of gray matter in the cerebrum
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~ Includes Basal Nuclei
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Masses of gray matter scattered in the cerebrum
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Components : Caudate Nucleus, Putamen, Globus Pallidus
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Important in modifying movements (to make sure they don't interfere with one another)
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Inhibits motor function
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Controls muscle activity
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Receives input from:
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Entire cerebral cortex and other subcortical nuclei like subthalamic nucleus of diencephalichalon and red nucleus
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No direct connection with motor pathway
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Sends impulses to primary motor cortex through the thalamus
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Complex role in motor control
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In charge of stopping, starting and monitoring movements by primary motor cortex
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Particularly involved in sustained, stereotyped movements (riding a bicycle, eating)
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Inhibits antagonistic (unnecessary) movements
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Ex of antagonistic - bicep and tricep contraction
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This enables multitasking
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Impairment results in
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Disturbance in muscle tone and posture
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Tremors
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Abnormally slow movements
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Control emotional aspect of behaviour
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Amygdala
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Involved in memory
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Hippocampus
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Works with prefrontal lobes to elicit relationship between feelings and thoughts
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Includes 2 stuctures
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Thalamus
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Hypothalamus
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Relay station for all sensory input except for smell
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Relay station for emotion impulses
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Relay station for motor impulses from cerebellum and basal nuclei
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Gateway of cerebral cortex
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Process the information before sending it to cerebral cortex to be interpreted
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Contains most of afferent neuron synapse
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Ventral Posterolateral Nucleus
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Receives somatic sensory information (touch, pain, pressure)
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Relays information to somatosensory cortex
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Ventral Lateral Nucleus
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Receives motor information from basal nuclei and cerebellum
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Relays information to motor cortex
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Medial Geniculate Body
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Sends auditory information from auditory receptors to auditory region of cerebral cortex
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Lateral Geniculate Body
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Sends visual information to occipital region of cerebral cortex
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Location
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Inferior to thalamus, superior to brain stem
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Interconnected to cerebral cortex, thalamus and other parts of brain stem
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Important in regulating homeostasis
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Senses chemical and thermal qualities of blood
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It is crucial to :
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Regulate the heart rate and arterial blood pressure
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Control movements and glandular secretions of stomach and intestines
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Regulate respiratory rate
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Regulate water and electrolyte balance
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Control hunger and regulate body weight
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Hi, your cheat sheet is really helpful as its really summarizes alot from what I've taken notes on. Just a request if you could put in the blood supply of the brain please, but other than that its excellent
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