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Gout
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Hypertension
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Infection
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Pain
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Depression
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Migraine
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Allergies
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Hyperlipidaemia
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Spasticity
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Asthma
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COPD
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Osteoporosis
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Epilepsy
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Neuropathic Pain
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Bipolar Disorder
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Anxiety
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Stroke
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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
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Heart Failure
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Thromboembolism
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Gastro-oesophageal Reflex
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Hypothyroidism
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Hyperthyroidism
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Insomnia
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Diabetes
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Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Psoriasis
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Crohn's Disease
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Autoimmunity
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Cluster Headaches
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Urolithiasis
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Acute pain?
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Chronic pain?
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Neuropathic pain?
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Pain + inflammation?
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Pain + cancer?
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Pain intensity?
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Amitriptyline:
- Tricyclic antidepressant - Increase brain serotonin - Mood effects |
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Carbamazepine:
- Decreases neuronal excitability - Anti-epileptic |
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Gabapentin & pregabalin:
- Decreases release of excitatory neurotransmitters - Anti-epileptic |
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Amlodipine:
- Ca+ channel blocker (vasodilation) |
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Bendroflumethiazide:
- Diuretic |
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Furosemide:
- Diuretic |
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Lisinopril & Ramipril:
- Inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme |
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Amitriptyline
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Carbamazepine
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Citalopram
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Fluoxetine
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Pregabalin
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Setraline
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Diazepam
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Steroids: Prednisolone & Dexamethasone
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Methotrexate: used in autoimmune diseases
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Amitriptyline
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Codeine
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Sumatriptan: selective serotonin receptor agonist
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Clopidogrel: inhibition of platelet aggregation
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Heparin: inactivation of thrombin & other coagulation factors
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Rivaroxaban: anticoagulant, anti-thrombotic
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Warfarin: inhibition of K vitamin & synthesis of active clotting factors
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Beclometasone: steroid, asthma
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Salbutamol: bronchodilator, asthma
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Paracetamol:
- Use: aches, mild-moderate pain, fever - Brands names: Disprol, Hedex, Medinol, Panadol - 1 tablet = 500mg; adult max. 8 tablets / 24 hours - Safe during pregnancy & breast feeding - Risk of overdose - Unsafe in liver & kidney diseases - Allergic reactions - Side effects are rare |
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Ibuprofen:
- Use: pain & inflammation - Brand names: Nurofen, Brufen, Calprofen, Fenbid, Ibugel, Ibuleve - NSAID, reduces hormones that cause pain & inflammation, reduction of prostaglandins by COX (cyclooxigenase) inhibition - 1 tablet: 200 / 400 / 600mg; slow release 200 / 300 / 800mg; max, 1200g / 24 hours - Stomach protection taken with it - Not use if previous stomach bleeding, ulcer, severe heart failure, kidney failure, liver failure, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis - Pts may have allergic reaction (dangerous) - Side effects: feeling & being sick, stomach pain, tiredness or sleepiness, black faeces, blood in vomit, tinnitus (ringing in ears), difficulty breathing, arrhythmias |
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Naproxen:
- Brand names: Naprosyn, Stirlescent -Use: NSAID, pain & inflammation, RA, OA, gout, menstrual pain, back pain, sprains & strains - Side effects: confusion, headache, tinnitus, changes in vision, tiredness, drowsiness, dizziness & rashes - Pt takes stomach protection with them |
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Codeine:
- Opiate! - When paracetamol, ibuprofen & aspirin have not worked - Short term treatment as there's risk of addiction - Side effects: constipation, nausea & sleepiness - Not suitable for all people |
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Tramadol:
- Brand names: Maxitram, Marol, Zydol, Zamadol, Tramulief, Tramquel - Use: strong painkiller, moderate-severe pain, post-operative -Opiate / narcotic -Side effects: sickness, dizziness, confusion -Short term use, risk of dependence & withdrawal |
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Morphine:
- Use: severe pain, cancer pain - Risk of addiction, controlled use - Side effects: constipation, sickness, tiredness, dizziness, vertigo, confusion, headaches, skin rashes |
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Fentanyl:
- Controlled medicine, strong opiate, risk of addiction |
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- NSAIDS: Ibuprofen
- Steroids: Prednisolone & Dexametasone |
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Use: wide range of diseases
- Anti-inflammatory - Immunosuppressant - Short-term use - Endocrine side effects |
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Metformin:
- enhance insulin sensitivity |
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Insulin
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Gout: Allopurinol
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Infection: Amoxicillin
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Allergies: Anti-histaminics
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Spasticity: Baclofen
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Osteoporosis: Biphosphonate
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Benign prostatic hyperplasia: Tamsulosin, Finasteride, Dulasteride
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Gastro-oesophageal reflux: Pump inhibitor
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Hypothyroidism: Levothyroxine
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Insomnia: Melatonin
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Menopause: Hormone replacement therapy
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