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- Families adhere to a patriarchal ideology
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- Endorsed trad gender roles
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- Traditionalist/collectivist based
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- Family is extended - extended families often live in close living quarters
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- Trad culture is fleeting as a result of westernisation and industrialisation
|
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- Core religion is Hinduism
|
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- Caste system is existent but the ties in-between are not as strong due to technology replacing trad roles
|
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- Each caste has its own customs, traditions, practices and rituals etc
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- A Republic with a president (advised by PM and a head of council
|
|
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- Males have more power than women
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(control their families, husband/brothers>wife/daughters)
|
|
- Women have little to no power (lack of education)
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1/100 GIRLS REACH GRADE 12 IN RURAL INDIA
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|
- Hinduism holds most religious power
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800+MILLION FOLLOWERS OR 83% OF POP
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|
- Higher castes hold more power than lower castes
|
|
|
- Untouchables have absolutely no power over others, and very little power over themselves
|
|
|
Micro
|
many apects changed durasically
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e.g. joint families slowly dying out + nuclear families are becoming the "new thing"
|
|
Meso
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even the slightest changes can become a trend = change as a while
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e.g. eruption of religious conflict = many communities fell apart
|
|
Macro
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what the govt changes affects india + global community
|
e.g. people rebelling against the govt bc of change = neglect and frustration
|
|
Influx of low cost smartphones, laptops + mobile plans
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= empowers indian society
|
|
e.g. tech companies = drive growth, create jobs, increased access to resources, education and healthcare (:. lower poverty rates + improved lifestyles for wider society)
|
|
|
redirects the rate of change transformatively (opportunity to grow and prosper)
|
|
|
Access to ultrasound machines
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= adversely affecting the growth of the female population
|
|
accessible, cheap and portable ultrasound machines = sex-selective abortion rate increasing
|
|
|
63 MILLION WOMEN ARE SEEMINGLY 'MISSING' FROM THE POP ACCORDING TO THE INDIAN GOVT
|
|
|
EST 10 WOMEN DIE EVERYDAY DUE TO UNSAFE ABORTIONS
|
|
|
56% OF ABORTIONS IN INDIA ARE EST TO BE UNSAFE
|
|
|
8-9% OF ALL MATERNAL DEATHS IN INDIA ARE DUE TO THESE UNSAFE ABORTIONS
|
|
|
families considering females as "unwanted children" = 21 MILLION GIRLS VICTIMISED
|
|
|
gender based neglect =
|
|
|
a 2018 study found that approx 239,000 girls under the age of five died every year between 20000 and 2005
|
|
|
- gender roles have been clearly defined for many decades
|
|
|
- roles fulled by men and women were, and still are, decided largely by religious and cultural values
|
|
|
WOMEN
|
- Maternal responsibilities (produce children, males in particular, care for those children)
|
|
- Traditionally women known as burden
|
|
|
GENDER RATIO (W:M) IS 940:1000
|
|
|
- Highly controlled by men in their lives
|
|
|
- Powerless and vulnerable (arranged marriages, limited education opps, low lit rates
|
|
|
- Little power or freedom for decision making within their family
|
|
|
MEN
|
- Patriarchal society :. men have more power + higher authority
|
|
- Financial supporters of their families
|
|
|
- Traditionally were the only ones to recieve an education
|
|
|
ELEMENT OF THE THEORY
|
CAN IT BE APPLIED?
|
EVIDENCE
|
|
Competition over resources rather than consensus
|
YES
|
ongoing tensions over land ownership, and governance
|
|
Working class supporting the ruling class. but because they lack resources and therefore power, are subject to coercion and constraint imposed by the ruling class
|
YES
|
heavy enforcement of the caste system
|
|
Class consciousness and tensions building
|
YES
|
castes are still prevatent in india. there is stratification in society and the lower castes have an iunderstanding of their position. stark differences in particular with the Dalits (lower castes)
|
|
Continuing conflict, change is abrupt and revolutionary
|
YES
|
Drastic gender ration differences and increased gender selective abortions
|
|
**Society develops from feudalism to capitalism through to socialism
|
NO
|
Feudal systems pre-date british colonialisation but there is little evidence of socialism in india. india is a democracy and has bee since the end of british colonialisation
|
|
Owners of resources make use of their economic power to gain control of the state and in turn serve their own interests
|
YES
|
?
|
|
Religion serves capitalist interests by pacifying (usinh force) the population
|
YES
|
?
|
|
CHANGE
|
BENEFIT
|
DONT BENEFIT
|
PROGRESS?
|
|
Growth of middle class in india
|
Middle class, Govt, economy
|
People in poverty, upper class
|
YES
|
|
Rising rates of gender selective abortion
|
males, parents (to an extent)
|
females across various Asian countries
|
NO
|
|
Technological change
|
Indian economy, global community, women
|
Females/Parents who don't want abortions
|
YES
|
|
- not all changes are necessarily progressive = havey affect to the value system+society
|
|||
|
(sharp growth in individualism +nuclear family [new gen] = decrease in family priority + joint families, which are trad and culturally important)
|
|||
|
^^ due to growth of westernisation, modernisation, urbanisation, and industrialisation
|
|||
|
- progression in becoming an egalitarian society = improved access to social media, education and social enterprises
|
= more women in the workforce
|
|
"LITERACY LEVELS IN INDIA SINCE INDEPENDENCE HAS IMPROVED FROM 16% IN 1951 TO 74% IN 2011
|
= more advanced and reliable in terms of education
|
|
People living in poverty, Muslims and Dalits
|
|
5/10 STUDENTS UNABLE TO READ
|
|
50+% 14 YR OLDS UNABLE TO SOLVE SIMPLE MATHS
|
|
LIKELY CHANGES
|
PROBABLE CONTINUITIES
|
|
- More women joining the workforce/in higher positions
|
- Strong stereotyping of gender roles = likely to have no change (dominance of tradition)
|
|
- More advanced and reliable in terms of education
|
- 47.78% out of school children in india are girls (countedilliterate in the next census)
|
|
- higher lit rate of females for the 3rd year in a row
|
- inequality based on gender differences resulted in female literacy rates being lower at 65.4% (than that of their male counterparts at 82.14%)
|
|
- increasing access to tech with lead to further modernisation and increased affluence for indians (POS)
|
|
|
- increased access to information and opportunities (education, employment, new ideas) will allow indian women to achieve a more equal status with men (POS)
|
|
|
- gender sellection:
|
the improvements in prenatat scanning technology and increased access to ultrasound tech led to increases in gender selective abortion (NEG)
|
Cheatography n. The art of mapping complex subjects into clear, instantly navigable reference guides.
