The core SAA-C03 services with exam framing — what each service is and when the exam asks about it, one page.
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EC2
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Virtual servers, you manage the OS. Exam asks: instance families for compute vs memory vs storage
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Lambda
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Serverless functions. Exam asks: event-driven, short tasks, zero servers
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Auto Scaling
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Adds/removes EC2 on demand. Exam asks: spiky traffic, always pair with ELB
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Elastic Beanstalk
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PaaS deploys. Exam asks: fastest deploy without managing infra
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S3
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Object storage, 11 nines durability. Exam asks: static websites, data lakes, unstructured
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S3 storage classes
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Standard to Intelligent-Tiering to Glacier. Exam asks: pick by access frequency to cut cost
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EBS
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Block storage for one EC2 instance. Exam asks: gp3 vs io2 vs st1 by IOPS
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EFS
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Shared file storage across instances. Exam asks: multiple EC2 needing one filesystem
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Storage Gateway
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Hybrid on-prem to AWS. Exam asks: extend local storage to cloud
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VPC
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Your isolated network. Exam asks: public vs private subnets, design with both
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ELB (ALB/NLB/GWLB)
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Load balancers. Exam asks: ALB=HTTP routing, NLB=extreme TCP performance
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Route 53
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DNS plus routing policies. Exam asks: latency-based, geolocation, failover
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CloudFront
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CDN. Exam asks: cache at edge, pair with S3 or ALB origin
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Direct Connect
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Private dedicated link. Exam asks: consistent bandwidth, hybrid, bypasses internet
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RDS
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Managed relational. Exam asks: Multi-AZ for HA, read replicas for scale
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Aurora
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AWS-built relational. Exam asks: MySQL/Postgres compatible, fastest failover
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DynamoDB
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Serverless NoSQL. Exam asks: single-digit ms latency, massive scale
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ElastiCache
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In-memory cache. Exam asks: cut database load for read-heavy apps
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Redshift
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Data warehouse. Exam asks: analytics over petabytes, not transactions
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IAM
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Users, roles, policies. Exam asks: least privilege; roles for EC2, never embed keys
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Security Groups
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Stateful instance firewall, allow only. Exam asks: SG vs NACL differences
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NACLs
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Stateless subnet firewall. Exam asks: rule order matters, lowest numbered first
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KMS
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Encryption key management. Exam asks: SSE-S3 vs SSE-KMS vs SSE-C
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WAF / Shield
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Web firewall / DDoS protection. Exam asks: Layer 7 filtering vs volumetric defense
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Decouple
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SQS/SNS between tiers; "loosely coupled" is almost always right
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Stateless
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nothing on the instance; store state in ElastiCache/DynamoDB
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Multi-AZ
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high availability; NOT multi-region unless disaster recovery is named
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Cheapest valid
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the exam rewards cost-optimized answers; serverless and managed first
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SAA-C03 Study Guide — $5
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Exam-ready? Get the full study guide at bytebarhq.com
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ByteBar on YouTube
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Free AWS walkthroughs: youtube.com/@bytebarexamprep
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