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open()
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("filename","mode",enconding="UTF-8")
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modes
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"r" - Read (default)
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opens a file for reading, error if doesn´t exist
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"a" - Append
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opens a file for appending, creates the file if doesn´t exist
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"w' - Write
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opens a file for writing, creates the file if doesn´t exist
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"x" - Create
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creates the specified file, error if the file exists
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"t" - Text (default)
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Text mode
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"b" - Binary
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Binary mode
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"+" - Read and Write mode
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opens a file to read or write
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Examples
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"r+" "a+b" "w+b"
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read()
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open() must have a read() method before.
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file.read()
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file.read(5)
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reads the first 5 characters
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readline()
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file.readline()
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returns one line of the file
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file.readline(5)
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reads the fist 5 characters of the line
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file.readline() / file.readline()
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calling readline two times, reads the two first lines
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readlines()
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returns a list, each item is a line as a string
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for line in file
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loops through the chars or lines of the file
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use .strip() to remove "\n"
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write()
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open method "a" will append to end of file
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open method "w" will overwrite the entire file
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file.write("text")
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create a new file
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open method "x" will create a file, error if it exists
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open method "a" will create a file if doesn´t exist
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open method "w" will create a file if doesn´t exist
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writelines()
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turns iterable object(lists,tuples,dict...) into lines in the file
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seek(offset,whence=0))
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changes the file position
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file.seek(4)
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change the pointer to the 4 file position
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[whence=] is optional, 0 is default
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0=start of file, 1=current position, 2= file´s end
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tell()
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finds the file position
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file.tell()
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returns the file position
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close()
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always close the file when done
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file.close()
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import os
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OS module
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os.rename("oldname.txt", "new_name.txt")
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os.remove("file.txt")
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os.path.exists("file.txt") or os.path.isfile()
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returns True or False
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os.path.getsize("file.txt")
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return
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os.path.getmtime("file.txt")
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returns a timestamp
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os.path.abspath("file.txt")
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returns Absolute Path
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os.getcwd
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show current working directory
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os.mkdir("new_dir")
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create new directory in the current dir
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os.chdr("dir")
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change working directory
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os.rmdir("dir")
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removes empty directory / error if there is files in it
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os.listdir
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return a list of files e subdirectories in the dir
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os.path.isdir
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os.path.join
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import datetime
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Datetime Module
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datetime.date
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os.path module docs
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os module docs
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datetime module docs
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