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Contradicts
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Augments
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Replaces
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Repeats
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Complements
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Regulates
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Substitutes
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Sender: • Thinking • Encoding • Transmitting
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Receiver: • Perceiving • Decoding • Understanding
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Body movement (Kinesics)
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Social/physical space(Proxemics)
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Touch (Tactile)
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Time (chronemics)
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Paralanguage
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Silence
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Physical appearance & Clothing (artifacts)
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Eye behavior/movement (Occulesics)
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– For identity management
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– In defining our relationships (e.g., level of intimacy)
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– For expressing emotions we don’t want to express, can’t express, or don’t know we’re feeling
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Present in all communications
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Mean different things
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May be intentional or unintentional
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Provide information
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May contradict verbal message
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May outweigh verbal message
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Depends on the total environment
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May have positive or negative effects
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Cheatography n. The art of mapping complex subjects into clear, instantly navigable reference guides.
