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mod_rewrite Cheat Sheet

A Programming › mod_rewrite cheat sheet in English by DaveChild

A mod_rewrite Cheat Sheet - a quick reference guide for mod_rewrite, with rewrite flags, regular expression syntax and sample rules.

Development Rewrite mod_rewrite Apache LAMP Htaccess Linux Server Sysadmin
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mod_re­write Rewrit­eRule Flags

C
Chained with next rule
CO=cookie
Set specified cookie
E=var:­value
Set enviro­nmental variable “var” to “value”
F
Forbidden (403 header)
G
Gone - no longer exists
H=handler
Set handler
L
Last - stop processing rules
N
Next - continue processing
NC
Case insens­itive
NE
Do not escape output
NS
Ignore if subrequest
P
Proxy
PT
Pass through
R[=code]
Redirect to new URL, with optional code (see below)
QSA
Append query string
S=x
Skip next x rules
T=mime­-type
Set mime type

mod_re­write Rewrit­eCond Flags

NC
Case insens­itive
OR
Combine with next rule using '­OR' instead of the default of '­AND­'

Redire­ction Header Codes

301
Moved perman­ently
302
Moved tempor­arily (default)

mod_re­write Directives

Rewrit­eEngine
RewriteMap
Rewrit­eOp­tions
Rewrit­eBase
RewriteLog
Rewrit­eCond
Rewrit­eLo­gLevel
Rewrit­eRule
Rewrit­eLock

Regular Expres­sions Syntax

^
Start of string
$
End of string
.
Any single character
(a|b)
a or b
(...)
Group section
[abc]
In range (a, b or c)
[^abc]
Not in range
\s
White space
a?
Zero or one of a
a*
Zero or more of a
a*?
Zero or more, ungreedy
a+
One or more of a
a+?
One or more, ungreedy
a{3}
Exactly 3 of a
a{3,}
3 or more of a
a{,6}
Up to 6 of a
a{3,6}
3 to 6 of a
a{3,6}?
3 to 6 of a, ungreedy
\
Escape character
[:punct:]
Any punctu­ation symbol
[:space:]
Any space character
[:blank:]
Space or tab
There's an excellent regular expression tester at: http:/­/re­gex­pal.com/

mod_re­write Server Variables: HTTP Headers

%{HTTP­_US­ER_­AGENT}
%{HTTP­_RE­FERER}
%{HTTP­_CO­OKIE}
%{HTTP­_FO­RWA­RDED}
%{HTTP­_HOST}
%{HTTP­_PR­OXY­_CO­NNE­CTION}
%{HTTP­_AC­CEPT}

mod_re­write Server Variables: Server Internals

%{DOCU­MEN­T_ROOT}
%{SERV­ER_­ADMIN}
%{SERV­ER_­NAME}
%{SERV­ER_­ADDR}
%{SERV­ER_­PORT}
%{SERV­ER_­PRO­TOCOL}
%{SERV­ER_­SOF­TWARE}

mod_re­write Sample Rule: Site Moved

# Site moved perman­ently
Rewrit­eCond %{HTTP­_HOST} ^www.d­oma­in.com$ [NC]
Rewrit­eRule ^(.*)$ http:/­/ww­w.d­oma­in2.com/$1 [R=301,L]
Rewrites domain.com to domain­2.com

mod_re­write Sample Rule: Temporary Page Move

# Page has moved tempor­arily
Rewrit­eRule ^page.h­tml$ new_pa­ge.html [R,NC,L]
Rewrites domain.co­m/p­age.html to domain.co­m/n­ew_­pag­e.html

mod_re­write Sample Rule: Nice URLs

# Nice URLs (no query string)
Rewrit­eRule ^([A-Z­a-z­0-9­-]+)/?$ catego­rie­s.p­hp?­name=$1 [L]
Rewrites domain.co­m/c­ate­gor­y-n­ame-1/ to domain.co­m/c­ate­gor­ies.ph­p?n­ame­=ca­teg­ory­-name-1

mod_re­write Server Variables: Special

%{API_­VER­SION}
%{THE_­REQ­UEST}
%{REQU­EST­_URI}
%{REQU­EST­_FI­LENAME}
%{IS_S­UBREQ}
%{HTTPS}

mod_re­write Server Variables: Request

%{REMO­TE_­ADDR}
%{REMO­TE_­HOST}
%{REMO­TE_­PORT}
%{REMO­TE_­USER}
%{REMO­TE_­IDENT}
%{REQU­EST­_ME­THOD}
%{SCRI­PT_­FIL­ENAME}
%{PATH­_INFO}
%{QUER­Y_S­TRING}
%{AUTH­_TYPE}

mod_re­write Server Variables: Time

%{TIME­_YEAR}
%{TIME­_MON}
%{TIME­_DAY}
%{TIME­_HOUR}
%{TIME­_MIN}
%{TIME­_SEC}
%{TIME­_WDAY}
%{TIME}

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Comments (15)

TME520 01:26 27 Apr 2016

This cheat sheet has been very useful to me recently, thanks for the great work !

Reply
Namita 09:22 15 Feb 2016

I have a Godaddy domain and I'm trying to enable cleaner urls so that a user can write www.abc.com/xyz instead of having to write www.abc.com/xyz.php but cannot get it to work. What am I doing wrong? RewriteEngine On Options +FollowSymLinks -MultiViews -Indexes RewriteRule ^xyz$ xyz.php [NC,L]

Reply
temir 10:59 7 Oct 2015

what does exclamation mark (!) mean?

Reply
Imran 12:41 20 Aug 2015

Nice Style and well presented Thanks !

Reply
Billy 15:13 4 May 2015

The link in my previous comment was a typo - it should be http://htaccesscheatsheet.com/ :)

Reply
Billy 15:58 23 Mar 2015

Good list - we also started using http:/htaccesscheatsheet.com/ (your list here has more directive/flags/server variables etc, but that website has some things you can just copy/paste in.

Reply
rio 11:37 25 Nov 2014

I am trying to do a mod rewrite where it checks if the referring uri or clicked link contains a variable xyz and redirect it to another page. Or if referring uri/url has a variable ABC set, rest it to blank. Any ideas?

Reply
Anuj Sethi 09:34 31 Oct 2014

Thanks man.. I got it. Great work done. Its a one stop shop for all rewrite formulas :)

Reply
Marvin Giron 10:32 29 May 2013

I have a question: ¿How can I write a rule what redirect from a URL to URL:PORT

Reply
panzz 08:43 16 Feb 2013

what is ungreedy mean ?

Reply
vaibhav jain 14:37 21 Dec 2012

thanks sir . i am beginner in web developing. thanks for help . i will use your code for rewrite my query string

Reply
Guy Chapman 10:31 1 Jul 2012

Nice. Concise and well presented. Thanks.

Reply
Dave 08:52 20 May 2012

I had to disable JavaScript to highlight the text due to the silly sliding tile thing.

Reply
John 08:52 20 May 2012

I keep having to turn off JavaScript!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Reply
Beau Garcia 10:01 23 Feb 2012

Nice work Dave. One of the better references I've found.

Reply

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