Acarbose (precise) treatment of type 2 diabetes
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Acarbose
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precose
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus, with or without drug therapy with insulin, a sulfonylurea, or metformin (Glucophage)
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Gastrointestinal effects (distention, flatus, hyperactive bowel sounds, diarrhea)
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Hypoglycemia (combination therapy with insulin or a sulfonylurea)
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Liver dysfunction
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Anemia
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Monitor hyperactive bowel sounds, distention, and diarrhea.
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Report persistent gastric distress.
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Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia (diaphoresis, tachycardia, fatigue, excessive hunger, tremors).
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Measure liver enzymes at baseline, every 3 months for the first year, and periodically thereafter.
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Stop drug therapy for indications of liver injury.
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Monitor CBC
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Watch for indications of anemia (pallor, fatigue, shortness of breath).
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Recommend iron-rich foods and supplements accordingly.
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Give with the first bite of food, three times a day.
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Tell clients who skip a meal to also skip the dose usually taken with that meal and to take only one dose at the next meal.
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Warn client about the gastric side effects of alpha- glucosidase inhibitors.
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Follow the diet regimen recommended by the provider.
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Wear a medical alert bracelet.
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Report dark urine, abdominal pain, vomiting, or fatigue.
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Report pallor, fatigue, or shortness of breath.
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Watch for and report symptoms of hypoglycemia.
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Test blood glucose to confirm
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Consume oral (Glucotabs) if necessary
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Retest in 15 min and repeat if still low.
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Carry dextrose tablets at all times.
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Gastrointestinal disorders (such as inflammatory bowel disease), obstruction, ulceration
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Hepatic impairment
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Gastrointestinal distress
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Not typically used in U.S.
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Insulin and sulfonylureas increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
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