Treats type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Pioglitazone (Actos)
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus, with or without drug therapy with insulin or metformin (Glucophage)
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Fluid retention
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Hepatotoxicity (potential)
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Increased serum lipid levels
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Increased risk for bladder cancer
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Upper respiratory tract infection
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Headaches
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Myalgia
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Monitor for edema, weight gain, or indications of heart failure.
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Hepatotoxicity
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Obtain serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels: Baseline and every 3 to 6 months thereafter.
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Stop drug therapy for indications of liver injury.
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Monitor serum lipid levels.
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Watch for increases in triglycerides
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Watch for increases in both high-density (favorable) and low-density (unfavorable) lipoproteins.
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Give orally once per day with or without food.
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Follow instructions provided in access program.
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Report swelling, weight gain, or shortness of breath immediately.
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Report jaundice, dark urine, abdominal pain, vomiting, or fatigue
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Expect periodic cholesterol testing.
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Report chest pain or discomfort, diaphoresis, or atypical fatigue.
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Report swelling, rapid weight gain, dyspnea
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Cardiovascular disease, including hypertension
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Severe heart failure
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Active hepatic disease
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Type 1 diabetes
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Diabetic ketoacidosis
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Mild heart failure, risk for heart failure
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Hepatic impairment
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Pioglitazone – may increase risk of bladder cancer after 1 year of use
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Caution should be used in clients with a history of bladder cancer.
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Insulin increases the risk of heart failure and edema.
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Gemfibrozil (Lopid) and ketoconazole increase hypoglycemic effects.
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Reduced effectiveness of contraceptives.
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Glucosamine can have a negative impact on blood glucose control
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Chromium as well as coenzyme Q10 can increase hypoglycemic effects.
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