Urinary Tract Infection
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Drug Class
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Folate Antagonist; Anti-Infective; Antiprotozoal
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Prototype Med
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Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
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Other Meds
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Bactrim and Septra
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Trimethoprim (Proloprim)
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Uninary Tract Infections
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Pneumocytstis Pneumonia
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Shigella Enteritis (Travelers Diarrhea)
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Chronic bronchitis
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Acute otitis media in children
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Nausea, Vomiting, Anorexia
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Allergic skin reactions
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thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia
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Superinfection – Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD), Candida infections
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Severe rash, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome
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Kernicterus
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Decreased kidney or liver function
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Hypersensitivity to sulfites used as preservatives (wine, foods), other drugs related to sulfonamides (acetazolamide, thiazide diuretics, tolbutamide)
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Suppressed bone marrow
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Clients at risk for megaloblastic anemia (clients with alcoholism, pregnant women, clients who are debilitated)
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Monitor/Report severe symptoms.
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Monitor for rash and hives.
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Monitor/Report severe diarrhea
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Monitor/Report rash and/or blisters on skin to provider.
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Encourage patient to drink plenty of fluids
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Monitor I & O
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Monitor CBCs and Urinalysis throughout treatment
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Available as a fixed-dose combination in tablets, liquid solution, and IV form.
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Give oral dose with 8 oz. of water.
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Administer intermittent IV infusion slowly (over 60 to 90 min) and with recommended dilution.
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Drink at least 1,200 to 1,500 mL water/day during treatment with this drug.
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Take with food to minimize GI symptoms.
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Report rash, hives, fatigue, pallor, bruising, or new infections to provider
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Report watery/bloody diarrhea, pain in mouth, difficulty eating, vaginal itching/burning to provider
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Warn clients that sulfonamides decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives; use alternate form of contraception.
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Report onset of rash and/or blisters on the skin to provider
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Women who are pregnant or nursing
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Allergy to sulfonamides, trimethoprim, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors (celecoxib [Celebrex])
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Clients with megaloblastic anemia caused by folic acid deficiency
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Children under 2 months
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Pharyngitis caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
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Hyperkalemia
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Severely impaired urine creatinine clearance
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Alcohol with the drug may cause a disulfiram-type reaction.
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May increase effects of warfarin, phenytoin, tolbutamide (and other sulfonylurea oral antidiabetic drugs).
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Taken with methotrexate, clients may have increased immunosuppression.
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Reduced effectiveness of oral contraceptives (use alternative contraception).
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