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iterm2
Download, install and use iterm2 instead of the default MacOS terminal
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double click + CMD-v
double click text to copy and then CMD-v to paste
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zsh
install and use z shell instead of bash
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oh my zsh
install oh my zsh to easily configure zsh
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~/.zshrc
include common aliases and other shell configuration here
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plugins=(git node npm kubectl)
add these shell completion plugins to .zshrc
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ZSH_THEME="robbyrussell"
shell theme set in .zshrc https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/wiki/Themes
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alias abc=cmd
run cmd when you type abc
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CTRL-c
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Stop the current command
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CTRL-a
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Go to start of line
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CTRL-e
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Go to end of line
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CTRL-r
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Search command history
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CTRL-l
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Clear the screen
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!!
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Run last command
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!abc
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Run last command that starts with abc
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env
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Show all environment variables
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echo $ABC
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Show a specific environment variables
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ABC=123
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Create a local variable
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export ABC=123
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Create a variable accessible by child processes
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$NODE_ENV
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Used node.js code; expects value to be production or anything else
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$HOME
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Home directory
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cmd < file
cmd receives contents of file as input (stdin)
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cmd > file
cmd output (stdout) is written to file
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cmd > /dev/null
discard cmd output
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cmd >> file
append cmd output to end of file
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cmd 2> file
cmd error output (stderr) is written to file
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cmd 2>&1
send cmd error output (stderr) to the standard output (stdout)
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cmd 2>&1 > file
cmd output (stdout) and error output (stderr) is sent to file
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cmd 2>&1 | grep abc
search cmd output and error output for abc
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cmd | cmd2
cmd2 receives output from cmd as input
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cmd1 ; cmd2
run cmd1 and then cmd2, regardless of cmd1 exit status
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cmd1 && cmd2
run cmd1; run cmd2 if cmd1 is successful
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cmd1 || cmd2
run cmd1; run cmd2 if cmd1 is not successful
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cmd &
run cmd in the background
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CTRL-z
cause currently running command to sleep
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bg
continue running sleeping command in background
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fg
move command running in the background, to run in the foreground
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jobs
list all currently running processes
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fg 2
move the second command listed by jobs, to run in the foreground
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mkdir abc
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Create directory named abc
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mkdir -p abc
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Create directory if it does not exist
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mkdir -p abc/xyz/123
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Create all directories and subdirectories if they do not exist
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pwd
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Show the current directory
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cd abc
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Change to directory abc
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cd ..
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Change to the parent directory
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cd ../xyz
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Change to the sibling directory xyz
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cd -
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Change back to previous directory
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ls
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List files in directory
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ls -la
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List files, including dot-files, with extra info
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ls -lhSr
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List files in reverse size order; w/friendly size
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touch file
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update file last modified date; create file if not exists
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cat file
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output contents of file
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less file
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paged output contents of file
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cp file1 file2
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copy file1 to file2
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mv file1 file2
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mv file1 to file2
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rm file
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delete file
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head -5 file
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show the first 5 lines of file
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tail -5 file
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show the last 5 lines of file
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tail -f file
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show the last few lines of the file and follow output
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tldr
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man cmd
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get command documentation
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cmd -h OR cmd --help
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get help from the command
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find .
list all files and directories under the current directory and subdirectories
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find . -type f
list all files under the current directory and subdirectories
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find . -type f -iname 'abc'
list all files that have abc (case insensitive) in the file name
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find . -type f -maxdepth 3
list all files up to 3 directories in depth
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find . -type f -mmin -5
list files that were modified in the last 5 minutes
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find . -type f -iname "abc" -exec cmd {} \;
run cmd on each file that contains abc; use {} in place of the filename; end the command with backslash+semi-colon
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find . -type f -iname 'abc' -exec chown root {} \;
make root the owner of all abc files
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grep -Er 'this|that' src/
find files under the src/ dir that contain "this" or "that"
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grep -Er -l 'test' src/
list files only that contain 'test'
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grep -Er -h 'test' src/
list lines in files only that contain 'test'
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cut -d, -f1
split input by comma and output the first field
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cut -d' ' -f2-5
split input by space and return the fields 2, 3, 4, 5
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cut -c1-10
return the first 10 characters of each line of input
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sort
sort each line of input alphabetically
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sort -n
sort each line of input numerically
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sort -nr
sort each line of input numerically, descending (reverse)
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uniq
return only one line for each duplicate adjacent line of input
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uniq -c
same as above, but includes a count of how many times the line appears
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sed -E -e 's/this/that/' file
replace the first instance of "this" with "that" on each line in file
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sed -E -e 's/this/that/g' file
replace all instances of "this" with "that" on each line in file
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sed -i.bak -E -e 's/this/that/g' file
same as above, but modifies file in place, and creates a backup
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awk '{ print $2 }'
print out the second field in each line
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.
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match any character once
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*
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match the preceding character 0 or more times
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+
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match the preceding character 1 or more times
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?
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match the preceding character 0 or 1 time
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()
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group patterns
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match the pattern on the left OR right
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^
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match the start of the line
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$
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match the end of the line
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Cheatography n. The art of mapping complex subjects into clear, instantly navigable reference guides.
