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The "Father of Genetics"
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His jobs
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Austrian monk, teacher, scientist, and gardener
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Used peas because
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easy to grow, relatively short time period per generation (3 months), self-pollinating, and created purebreds
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scientist
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True-breeding
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7 simple traits without genetic variation
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Used brushes to pollinate
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P1
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parental generation
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Homologous chromosomes contain genes for the same traits
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Traits are controlled by alleles
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The genotype is the alleles received at fertilization
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Phenotype is the physical appearance
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F1 plants resembled one parent
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F1 hybrids contained two factors for each trait
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1.Dominant
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masks recessive
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2.Recessive
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"disappears" with dominant allele
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Homozygous Dominant
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two dominant alleles (BB)
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Homozygous recessive
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two recessive alleles (bb)
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Heterozygous
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one dominant and one recessive allele (Bb)
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When 2 or more genes control a trait
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Skin color
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4-7 genes + melanin
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Eye Color
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blue (light melanin) + brown (a lot of melanin)
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Height
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Unknown genotype x known genotype
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important to breeders
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performed with homozygous recessive
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The mathematical chance of an event occuring
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3 ways to express
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percent, decimal, or fraction
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Law of Probability
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in the case where there are several possible outcomes and the chances are equally likely, they will even out to follow the predicted probability in large sample sizes
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Ex.) red + white = pink
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3 phenotypes
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neither alleles are completely dominant
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Alleles
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homozygous dominant
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RR
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homozygous recessive
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R'R'
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heterozygous
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RR'
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neither allele is dominant or recessive
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Ex.) white + red = red & white
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3 phenotypes
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Alleles
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red coat
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RR
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white coat
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RR
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mixed
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RW
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Cheatography n. The art of mapping complex subjects into clear, instantly navigable reference guides.
