World History
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Follows collapse of major classical civilizations
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Basically Mongols and Muslims
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Imperial China
Experiences golden age with the Sui dynasty, then it was the Tang and finally the Mongols
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Byzantine Empire
Eastern half of the Roman Empire, capital in Constantinople under emperor Justinian
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Islamic Caliphates
Established by Muhammad, leads in trade, astronomy, mathematics, science, philosophy, etc.
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Mongol Empire
More egalitarian nomadic gorup that established an empire
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Concentrations of wealth and intensification of cultural exchanges
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Transportation, state policies, and mercantile practices increased expansion
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Pastoral and nomadic groups played a big role in creating and sustaining transportation networks
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Improved transportation technologies and commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade, and expanded the geographical range of existing and newly active trade networks
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Major trade routes to know
Indian Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Silk Road, and Trans Saharan
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Trade of luxury goods encouraged by innovations
silk and cotton textiles, porcelain, spices, precious metals and gems, slaves, exotic animals
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Innovations and technologies include:
caravanserai, compass use, the astrolabe, larger ship designs in sea travel
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Trade facilitated by laws
Inca Road System, Hanseatic League, Grand Canal
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Mesoamerica
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Chinampas
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Floating gardens
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Andean Region
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Waru Waru
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limited erosion improved irrigation
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Most of the planet (specifically in China)
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Terracing
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create arable land in mountains
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Afro-Eurasia
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Horse Collar
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help plow fields
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Medieval Europe
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Three Field
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crop rotation
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Most of the planet
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Swamp Drain
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increase land and reduce disease spreading mosquitos
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