|
Command
|
Purpose
|
useradd |
Create a new user
|
adduser |
Interactive user creation (Debian/Ubuntu)
|
usermod |
Modify a user account
|
userdel |
Delete a user
|
passwd |
Set or change a user's password
|
chage |
Manage password aging and expiration
|
id |
Display user and group IDs
|
whoami |
Display current username
|
finger |
Display user information (if installed)
|
|
Command
|
Purpose
|
id |
User and group IDs
|
who |
Logged-in users
|
w |
Logged-in users and activity
|
last |
Login history
|
lastlog |
Last login per user
|
users |
Currently logged-in usernames
|
|
Command
|
Purpose
|
su |
Switch user
|
sudo |
Execute command as another user
|
sudo -i |
Start a root login shell
|
|
Command
|
Purpose
|
groupadd |
Create a group
|
groupmod |
Modify a group
|
groupdel |
Delete a group
|
gpasswd |
Manage group memberships and passwords
|
groups |
Display user's groups
|
newgrp |
Switch to another group
|
|
Attribute
|
Description
|
Managed By
|
|
Username
|
Login name
|
useradd, usermod |
|
UID
|
User ID
|
useradd, usermod |
|
Primary Group
|
Default group
|
useradd, usermod |
|
Supplementary Groups
|
Additional groups
|
usermod -aG |
|
Home Directory
|
User's home folder
|
useradd -d, usermod -d |
|
Login Shell
|
Default shell
|
useradd -s, usermod -s |
|
Password
|
Password lifetime
|
chage |
|
Account Expiration
|
Account expiry date
|
chage, usermod -e |
|
Account Lock Status
|
Locked or unlocked
|
passwd -l, usermod -L |
|
GECOS
|
Full name, phone, etc.
|
chfn |
|
Command
|
Purpose
|
passwd -l |
Lock account password
|
passwd -u |
Unlock account password
|
usermod -L |
Lock user account
|
chage |
Configure password aging
|
chage -l |
View password aging
|
|
Command
|
Purpose
|
useradd -m |
Create home directory
|
useradd -d |
Specify home directory
|
useradd -k |
Specify skeleton directory
|
useradd -s |
Specify login shell
|
|
File
|
Purpose
|
/etc/passwd |
User accounts
|
/etc/shadow |
Password hashes
|
/etc/group |
Groups
|
/etc/gshadow |
Group passwords
|
/etc/login.defs |
User account defaults
|
/etc/default/useradd |
Default
useradd settings |
/etc/skel |
User profile template
|
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