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Personal Privacy
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Data is being collected regardless of whether we consented
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Data Security
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It could be dangerous if the data that has been collected is used maliciously by unauthorized users.
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Misuse of Data
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Data is frequently sold to other organizations for other uses.
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Big Brother
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Privacy is a basic human right that excessive surveillance can violate.
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Profiling
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Large organizations may build up data on an individual regardless of whether they consent to it or even use the service.
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Any organization which stores personal data must register with the Information Commissioner.
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Data must be:
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1. Lawfully processed
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2. Processed for limited purposes
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3. Not excessive
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4. Accurate
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5. Not kept longer than necessary
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6. Not in violation of the user's rights
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7. Held securely
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8. Not transferred outside the EU unless the country has adequate data protection laws.
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This gives individuals the right to request certain types of data from government entities such as hospitals, police or schools.
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This gives creators more control over how their creations are used in terms of copying or adapting them without permission.
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The BCS Code of Conduct is a code of ethics that individuals and organizations should follow. Breaches of this code may make it difficult for the person to find work or keep their job. Being a member of the British Computer Society involves following this code.
1. Act in the public interest.
2. Have a duty to the organization they work for. 3. Have a duty to the profession. 4. Maintain professional integrity. |
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1. Data Protection Act
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2. Computer Misuse Act
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3. Freedom of Information Act
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4. Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act
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5. Copyright, Designs and Patents Act
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This act is not specific to computing, though it does involve itself heavily in technology and the Internet.
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This act gives law enforcement the right to intercept communication if they suspect criminal activity.
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Also, they are given the right to decipher data by forcing the user to tell them how to decrypt it, i.e divulging a key.
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Unauthorised Access
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Hackers may obtain access to a computer system for either ethical or unethical reasons.
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Piracy
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Some people believe that illegally downloading software is permissible due to its price or the exploitative nature of software companies.
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Cyberbullying
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The anonymous nature of the Internet may lead to people acting more maliciously than they would offline.
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Pornography, Violence and Hatred
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There is concern as to what impact these things may have on young people or society in general.
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Freedom of Speech
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This is the question as to whether people should be allowed to say whatever they want without fear of censorship.
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Unemployment
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Some people may be replaced by Internet or technological alternatives, such as online banking or automated cash registers.
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Acess to the Internet
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15% of the UK population do not have Internet access, which may put them at a great disadvantage in the modern world.
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This aims to prevent hacking and contains three offences:
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1. Any unauthorized access to computer systems
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2. Unauthorized access with further criminal intent
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3. Unauthorized modification of computer material
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Excessive Use of Data
We may be too dependent on data. Most decisions made by any organization are based on data analysis.
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Invasive Technologies
A lot of personal data is collected without our consent.
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Over-Reliance on Computers
If a computer system fails, consequences can be dire. People may even die in some circumstances, i.e in hospitals.
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Over-Reliance on Corporations
Giving monolithic entities(Google, Wikipedia) a lot of control over what we view on the Internet can be damaging.
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Globalization
We may be more influenced by other parts of the world more than ever before.
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