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MUTUALISM
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Mutualism is when both species benifit
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Symbiosis
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Shark + Remoras
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PREDATATION
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Predatation is when one organism eats another
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Owls + Mice
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PARASITISM
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Parasitism is one organism benifits and the other is harmed
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Symbiosis
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Covid + Humans
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COMPETITION
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Competition is when one organism fights with another over something
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Male birds fighting over a female
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COMMENSALISM
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Commensalism is when one organism is benifits and the other is neither helped or harmed
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Symbiosis
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Birds + Trees
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BEHAVIORAL ADAPTATIONS
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STRUCTUAL ADAPTATIONS
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include activities / behaviors that help an animal survive
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involves some physical characteristic (structure) of an animal's body.
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EXAMPLES
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EXAMPLES
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Migration (birds fly south in the winter), Hibernation (This is deep sleep in which animal’s body temp drops, body activities are slowed to conserve energy)
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Mimicry (allows one animal to look, sound, act like another animal to fool predators into thinking it is poisonous or dangerous.), Camoflauge (lets an animal blend in with it's enviroment)
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Everyday humans consume energy, materials & use land. The way you use the Earth leaves an impression, like a footprint, of where you have been
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Ecological footprint is the impact you have on the enviroment, the smaller your ecological footprint is, the better. Your ecological footprint is measured in Global Hectares (2 1/2 acres)
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THE 4 R'S
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Reduce
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Cut down on/ limit the amount of garbage you use/shower (the bills??)
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Reuse
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Use again
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Recycle
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Turn something into a new thing
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Recover
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Waste being converted to energy
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FOOD CHAINS
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FOOD WEBS
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A pathway of energy flow from one living thing to another in an ecosystem
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Link up of the many/ all of the possibilities of food chains in an ecosystem
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Food chains always: start with the sun, show who eats who, energy flow moves in 1 direction, energy flows from the producer to the consumer
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Food chains are not realistic as many organisms will eat more than one type of food and each organism will have more than one predator.
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Food chains end with a decomposer who always return the nutrients back to the soil
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There are producers and consumers in a food web
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Biotic Living or once living
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Abiotic Never has lived
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Symbiosis A relationship between 2 species that live closely together over a period of time
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Ecosystem The interactions between biotic and abiotic factors in an ares
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Ecology The study of nature
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Community Different groups of species live and interact with each other
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Environment A place or location with abiotic factors
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Population A group of induviduals of the same species living in an area
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Niches The roles (jobs) of an organism
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Producers Make their own food
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Consumers Eat either consumers or producers
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Carnivores Only eat meat (consumers)
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Herbivores Eat producers only (plants)
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Omnivore Eats both producers and consumers
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Scavengers Eat dead and decaying plant and animal matter
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Decomposers Break down dead organisms and return nutrients back to soil
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Gas exchange - the plant take carbon dioxide and give us oxegyn that we turn into carbon dioxide that the plants turn into oxegyn...
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Water
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Energy
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Suitable Habitat
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DEFINITION
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EXAMPLE
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SUCCESSION: A slow process where one species replaces another in an ecosystem
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--
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PIONEER SPECIES: The first species to occupy a lifeless piece of land
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Lichen & Moss
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PRIMARY SUCCESION: The gradual growth of a species in an area which nothing has lived there before
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--
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SECONDARY SUCCESION: Gradual growth of organisms in an area that used to be home to many species
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--
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BIOINVASION: Species are introduced to a location they have never been to before
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A ship of fruit carries spiders with it that get sent to a new area
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LIMITING FACTOR: Makes a population decrease in size
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temperature, water availability, oxygen, salinity, light, food and nutrients
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THREATENED: The amount of a specific species is decreasing
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Mountain Gorilla
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ENDANGERED: Organism is in risk of being extinct
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Spotted Owl
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EXTIRPATED Organism is only lost in a large region
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(Taylor) Swift Fox
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EXTINCTION: Species is lost in the whole world
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Wooly Mammoth
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Bioaccumulation - the process in which toxins enter the food webs by building up in induvidual organisms
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Toxins usually come via water
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Biomagnification - rise or increase in contaminated substances
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