Cheat Sheet for Grade 10 - Lesson 01 (Information & Communication Technology)
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What is Data?
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The numbers, words, images and symbols which do not bear a meaning, when standing alone are called data.
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Two types of Data
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Quantitative Data - Measurable Data. (Ex: Age, Price, Height, Weight etc.)
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Qualitative Data - Data that cannot be measured. (Name, Telephone Number, Address etc.)
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What is Processing?
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Converting Data into something meaningful (Information)
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Two types of Processing
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1. Manual Processing
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2. Electronic Processing
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What is Information?
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The Processed Data.
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Qualitites of Information
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1. Relevant
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2. Complete
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3. Accurate
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4. Timeliness
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5. Cost Effective
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Generation
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Major Hardware Technology
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Software Used
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Characteristic
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1st Generation
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Vacuum Tubes
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Machine Language
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High Heat Generation
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2nd Generation
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Transistors
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High-Level Programming Language
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Smaller in Size
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3rd Generation
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Integrated Circuits (IC)
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Operating Systems (OS)
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Faster Processing
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4th Generation
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Large Scale IC (LSIC)
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OS with Graphical User Interface (GUI)
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Portable
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5th Generation
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Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI)
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Internet
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Easy Operation
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e-Government
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Government to Citizen (G2C)
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Ex: Payment of Utility Bills
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Government to Government (G2G)
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Ex: Diplomatic & VISA information
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Government to Business (G2B)
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Ex: Payment Services
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Government to Employees (G2E)
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Ex: Gazettes, Circulars
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Education
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In the classroom
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Ex: Presentations, Experimental Videos, Online Information collection etc.
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Serves as a teaching aid
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Ex: Making presentations, organize lessons using a computer etc.
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Learning Management System (LMS)
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Ex: Online Assignments (for students), Online lessons (for teachers)
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Distance Learning
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Ex: Digital Library Facility, Web Based Teaching etc.
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Health
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ICT in diagnosis
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CAT Machine - to make 3D images of different parts of body.
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MRI Machine - creates digitalized images of internal organs of the body by using strong magnetic fields and radio waves
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ECG Machine - Uses to monitor heart beat.
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Cardiac Screening Machine - displays the physiology and the movements inside the heart.
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EEG - record the activities of the brain.
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Telemedicine
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The use of ICT to examine and provide healthcare to a patient who is far away from the hospital is called Telemedicine.
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Telesurgery (Remote Surgery)
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the ability of a doctor to perform surgery on a patient in consultation with a specialist who is far away, using ICT.
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Medical Teletraining
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Specialists’ consultation and training using ICT
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Agricultural Industry
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Meteorological Devices
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Automated Insect Control Device
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Field conditions measuring devices
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Crop harvesting using Robots
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Manufacturing Industry & Business
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Using Robots - 24 hour service, Never get tired, Efficiency, Accuracy, Hygiene
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Video Conferencing
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Human Resource Management (HRM)
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e-Banking System
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ability to withdraw cash anytime using ATMs
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inter banking or transactional activities.
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pay utility bills, inter-banking transactions, or checking the account balance using mobile phones.
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Online Shopping
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Open 24 hours a day
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able to see things and order at one’s convenient place.
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ability to pay using the electronic payment methods
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home delivery of goods. (Saving Transport cost and time)
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Entertainment
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Digital Photograhy
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Social Network
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Watching Movies
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e-news & e-books
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Addiction
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Building unsuitable friendships through social media
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Computers could become infected by virus due to improper use of internet.
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Negative effects on psychology of a person by visiting improper websites.
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Publishing of edited photographs and videos of individuals affecting their personal lives.
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Blaise Pascal
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The Adding Machine
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Charles Babbage
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Analytical Engine
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Ada Lovelace
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First Programmer
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Howard Aiken
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MARK I
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