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#include
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<headerfile>
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Common Headers / Libraries
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#include <stdio.h>
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I / O functions
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#include <string.h>
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string functions
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#include <time.h>
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time functions
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#include <stdlib.h>
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memory, rand, ...
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#include <math.h>
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math functions
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#include <iostream.h>
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#include <fstream.h>
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I / O file functions
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#include "myfile.h"
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Insert file in current directory
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using namespace std;
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// One line comment text
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/* multiple line block comment text */
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NUMBER
int a; float a;
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CHARACTER
char car; string s;
char car = ‘c’; string s = “hola mon”; |
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BOOL
bool b = false/true;
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cin
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cin >> var
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cout
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cout<<"The variable has"<<var
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+ Add
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- Less
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* Mult
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/ Div
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% Mod
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++var / --var
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var++ / var--
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A == B
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if A is equal to B, this is true; otherwise, it’s false
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A != B
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if A is NOT equal to B, this is true; otherwise, it’s false
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A < B
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if A is less than B, this is true; otherwise, it’s false
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A > B
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if A is greater B, this is true; otherwise, it’s false
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A <= B
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if A is less than or equal to B, this is true; otherwise, it’s false
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A >= B
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if A is greater or equal to B, this is true; otherwise, it’s false
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A ! B
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if A
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A && B
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if condition A and condition B are true, this is true; otherwise, it's false.
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A || B
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if condition A or condition B is true, this is true; otherwise, it's false.
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type array_name [ # of elements ];
int price [10];
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type array_name [# elements] [# elements];
int price [5] [10];
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if sentence
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if ( conditional ) {
// do something } else if ( another_conditional ) { // do something else } else { // do something as default } |
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while sentence
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while ( conditional ) {
// do something } placing “break;” breaks out of the loop. placing “continue;” jumps to next loop. |
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for sentence
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for ( init; test; command ) {
// do something } "break;" and "continue;" identical effects. |
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do while sentence
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do {
//do something } while (bool expression); |
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switch case sentence
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switch ( variable )
{ case value1: // do something; break; case value2: // do something else; break; [default: // do something by default: break; ] } |
#include <fstream.h>
ifstream file; //read buffer
ofstream file; //write buffer
file.open ("filename", [file mode constant]);
* //Test if the file was created *
if(fs.is_open()) if(fs)
*//Reads/Writes like cin and cout*
file >> var; //Read
file << ''Text: "<< var << endl; //Write
*//Read Entire line*
getline (file,String);
*//Read until it arrives at the end of file*
while(file.eof())
*//Detect if the read/write fail*
if(file.fail())
*//Close File*
file.close(); * //Declaration*
** *void* ProcedureName()**
{
// do something
}
*//Call to procedure*
**ProcedureName();***//Declaration*
** [*returnType*] functionName ( [*input1Type* input1Name, *input2Type* input2Name, ....] ) **
{
// do something
return value; // value must be of type returnType
}
*//Call to function*
**[returntype var =] functionName ([*input1Type* input1Name, *input2Type* input2Name, ....])**|
Structure declaration :
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struct <structure_name>
{ <type> <name>, <name>, ... ; <type> <name>, <name>, ... ; } |
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Var declaration with structure type :
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<structure_name> var_name;
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Acces to structure :
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var_name.name;
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