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#!/bin/env bash
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the shebang
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./ file-name.sh
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how to run a bash script
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X="hello"
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set variables
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$X
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use the variable
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exit code
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1 for false, 0 for true
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[ ]
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shorthand for test
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[[ ]]
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better shorthand for test, handles spaces better
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if [[ ]]; then; fi
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basic if-then-exit statement
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if [[ ]]; then; else; fi
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basic if-then-else
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if [[ ]]; then; elif [[ ]]; then; else; fi
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basic if-elif
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$?
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exit code of last run command
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$1, $2 … $9
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argument 1, arg 2, ...
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env
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see all variables already set
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__ -eq __
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check if things are equal
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bash -x ____
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debugger
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for __ in __ ; do; commands; done
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basic for loop, ; indicates new line
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while true; do; commands; done
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while loop
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until true; do; commands; done
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until loop
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break
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exit a loop
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chown/chgrp [owner] [file]
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change owner/group
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chmod [u,g,o]+[permission] [file]
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add permissions
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chmod [u,g,o]-[permission] [file]
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remove permission
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[u, g, o]
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user, group, other
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[permission]
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read (r), write (w), execute (x)
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7
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read, write and execute permissions
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6
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read and write permissions
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5
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read and execute permissions
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4
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read permissions
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3
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write and execute permissions
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2
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write permissions
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1
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execute permissions
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0
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no permissions
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sudo dnf install samba
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sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
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add gloabals
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map archive = no
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map hidden = no
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map read only = no
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map system = no
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store dos attributes = yes
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sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=samba
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open the firewall
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sudo systemctl start smb.service
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sudo systemctl start nmb.service
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sudo systemctl enable smb.service
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sudo systemctl enable nmb.service
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sudo smbpasswd -a [user]
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add the user and give password for samba
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sudo setsebool -P samba_export_all_rw 1
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need this to let samba run because of a se fedora setting
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TCP/IP
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Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
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ping [web address]
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send packets to web address to test connection and speed
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ping -s [number] [address]
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change packet size sent
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traceroute [web address]
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shows route packets take when being sent
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firewall-cmd --remove-port=[port #]/[port type]
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take down firewall for specified port
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firewall-cmd --add-port=[port #]/[port type]
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put up firewall for specified port
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firewall-cmd --add-service=[service]
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some services are recognized by firewall command, use this to let them work
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ssh [name]@[system name]
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using the secure shell
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scp [dir]/[file] [name]@[system name]:
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copy from local to other system
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scp [name]@[system name]:[dir]/[file] .
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copy from other system to local
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sudo !!
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run previous command as sudo
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man [command]
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for manpages (give info about command)
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mkdir
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make directory
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rmdir
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remove directory
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cp -r [source] [destination]
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copy file recursively
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which [filename]
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gives location of file
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less
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read files and able to scroll through, better than 'more'
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grep
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search text
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cat [filename]
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shows content of file
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head
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shows beginning of file
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tail
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shows end of file
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find . -name *.[pP][dD][fF]
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find file, use -iname for case-insensitive
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history
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give a list of previously entered commands
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![line #]
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(use this with history) run the command from the history on given line
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history | grep [word]
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search history for commands including the word
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script
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record output from entire session
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yes "string"
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repeat string until manually stopped
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cal
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ascii calendar
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date
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gives current date
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^this^that
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run previous command replacing "this" with "that"
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uptime
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show system uptime
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whoami
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display current user name
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**dnf ____ [package name]
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____ can be filled with the words below
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update (or upgrade)
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update a package
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install
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install a package
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remove
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remove a package
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systemctl daemon-reload
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Reload systemd manager configuration
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journalctl [service name]
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check the logs of a servide
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systemctl ____ [service name]
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____ can be filled with the words below
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start
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start a system service
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stop
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stop a system service
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status
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check the status of a service
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enable
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let service start on boot
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disable
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make it so service does not start on boot
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*
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any character any number of times
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?
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any character one time
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[cC]
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one of these characters
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/etc/skel
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Sample startup files you can place in home directories for new users
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[command] | [command]
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piping
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$
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regular user
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#
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root user
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~
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home directory
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nano and vi
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text editors
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&
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run in background
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ctrl+z
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suspend process running
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ctrl+c
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kill process running
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ctrl+s
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stop output to terminal
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ctrl+q
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return from ctrl+s state
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ctrl+a
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go to start of a line
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ctrl+e
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go to end of a line
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ctrl+k
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cut from cursor to end of line
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git clone /path/to/repository
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create copy of git repository
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git add filename
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add file to git repository
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git commit -am "message"
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send the changes to git repository
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git push
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makes the changes to git repository
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wget [url for file]
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download file
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tar -xzf [file]
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extract tar file
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/
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root directory
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/bin
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contains Unix commands
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/boot
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contains files needed to boot the system
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/dev
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device files
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/etc
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contains most configuration files
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/etc/passwd
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contains user information (name, password, id, ...)
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/etc/skel
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sample files for making a new home directory
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/home
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home folder for user
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/lib
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contains files for /bin and /sbin
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/tmp
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location of temporary files for the system
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