A cheat sheet that covers "Humanistic and Existential Aspects of Personality" in the Personality Theories perspective. Includes humanism, existentialism; Fromm, Rogers, May, Maslow and a brief summary of their perspectives.
|
Meaning of human existence; the self cannot exists without the world.
|
|
|
Being in the world; the presence of an individuals with all of their choices and authentic self.
|
In that aspect, every human being must have been examined in their world.
|
|
Phenomenological Approach; suggests that subjective realities are important.
|
Objectivity is the last item of the list.
|
|
Emphasizes the personal worth of the individual and the importance of human values..
|
Humans are evaluated as a whole, not just focusing on some specific parts.
|
|
The Third Force; emphasizes creative, spontaneous, active nature of humans.
|
1st force=psychoanalysis / 2nd force=behaviorism
|
|
Our existence comes from our relationships with others.
|
(1) How the relationship is with the environment (2) How satisfying those relationships are
|
|
I-Thou Dialogue;
|
direct and mutual; dialogue
|
|
I-It Monologue;
|
utilitarian view of another; monologue
|
|
The potential of human movement;
|
people are encouraged to realize their inner potentials
|
|
For realization of the potential, humanism uses;
|
group meetings, self-disclosure, introspection
|
|
Love; Love is the solution of everything since it is also the thing that modern world made forgotten.
|
The reason of why we are alienated, objectified and passed through the pragmatic view is the lack of love.
|
|
Love allow us to overcome our isolation as an individual; but also protects our individual integrity.
|
On the other hand, modern world encourages existential alienation (1950-2000).
|
|
Dialectic Humanism; reconciles the biological/driven side of human beings and the pressure of the societal structure.
|
Describes the structure that humans are in; people can transcend these forces through free-will.
|
|
Focuses on responsibility; people must strive to take responsibility for themselves.
|
Becoming one's self
|
|
"Same seeds show different developments under different conditions."
|
Environment is an important factor that is effective on the development.
|
|
People have an inherent tendency towards growth and maturation.
|
|
|
According to Rogers, there are two selves that present; as The self that actualizing itself right now" and the ideal self that individual wants to become.
|
It becomes problematic when the difference grows between those selves.
|
|
Therapist is supportive and non-directive
|
a key block to build positive relationships
|
|
Therapist is client oriented
|
interested in the person that client wants to become
|
|
Therapist provides unconditional positive regard to the client
|
|
|
Therapist provides empathetic understanding to client's internal frame of reference
|
|
|
Congruence between therapist and client is based on;
|
(1) accurate self perception & (2) accurate communication
|
|
Anxiety is triggered by a threat to the core values of existence.
|
When people feel anxious, they search for meaning in their lives.
|
|
Emphasizes on the importance of personal choice
|
Existential-humanistic approaches and support groups are used.
|
|
Logotherapy
|
Importance of choosing to find meaning in life.
|
|
Hierarchy of needs
|
|
|
Self-Actualization; the innate process that person realize his/her inner potnetial.
|
Spiritually fulfilled, comfortable with themselves, loving, ethical, creative, productive
|
|
Peak Experiences; powerful experiences that person transcends the self, feel completely self-fulfilled
|
"be at one with the world"
|
|
Interviews
|
|
Observations
|
|
Projective Studies
|
|
Biographical Studies
|
|
Personal Orientation Inventory (POI); a self-report questionnaire that captures some aspects of a healthy personality
|
|
Emphasizes courageous struggle for self-fulfillment
|
|
Appreciates the spiritual nature of a person
|
|
Based on healthy, well-adjusted individuals
|
|
Considers each individual's experience is unique
|
|
May avoid quantification and scientific method
|
|
Sometimes insufficiently concerned with reason
|
|
Theories are sometimes ambiguous or inconsistent
|
|
Interview
|
|
Art
|
|
Self-Exploration
|
|
Literature
|
|
Biographical analysis of creativity and special achievement
|
|
Self-report tests
|
|
Observation
|
|
Encourages self-knowledge through experiences
|
including also the spiritual ones (experiences)
|
|
Rogers' client centered therapy offers a genuine empathetic therapist providing unconditional positive regard.
|
|
No comments yet.
Cheatography n. The art of mapping complex subjects into clear, instantly navigable reference guides.
