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The present perfect is formed with the auxilairy 'to have' and the past participle
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Postive: We've hidden it/ She's got the present for Andy
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Negative: They haven't found it/ He hasn't seen his boss today
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Question: Have they forgotten it?/ Has she received the letter?
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Don't forget the third person singular of 'to have' is * has*
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In order to sound more fluent make sure to use contractions in positive & negative sentences
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The past participle
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Regular verbs: + ed - TO LISTEN, LISTENED, LISTENED
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Irregular verbs: learn by heart SORRY :)
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We use the present perfect in two ways: Describing experiences in our lives up to now and results in the present
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Present Perfect
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Past simple
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1. Single or repeated actions in the past when we don't know the date of the action or it isn't important
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1. Single or repeated actions when we know the definite time
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Example: I've driven an automatic car before
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Example: I drove a race car last summer
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Time expressions: before, ever, already, just and yet
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Time expressions: yesterday, last week, in 2018 etc.
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2. Situations that started in the past and are still continuing
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2. Situations that started and finished in the past
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Example: Tom has worked in the shop for 2 years
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Example: Tom worked in the shop for 2 years
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With- for or since
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With- for
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For -period of time
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Since- starting point
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Time expressions: for 2 months, 1 year, a long time
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Time esxpressions: since 1968, June, I was 8 years old
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3. One or more completed actions in a time period that is continuing
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3. One or more completed actions in a time period that is finished
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Example: He's sold 15 cars this month
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Example: He sold 15 cars last month
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Time expressions: this morning, this week, today, so far etc.
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Time expressions: yesterday, last week, ago etc.
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Example: I've travalled a lot
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We can use 'ever' to ask questions about life experiences
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Example: Have you ever visited Africa?
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We can use 'never' for negatives sentences. It means 'not in your life'
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Example: I've never seen a ghost
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We can use 'before' to say if it's not the first time
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Example: We've been to this restaurant before
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Example: My car's broken down
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We can use 'just' to mean ' a short time ago'
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Example: They've just arrived
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We can use 'already' to mean 'before expected'
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Example: Yes, I know Sarah, we've already met
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We can use 'recently' to mean in the last few days or months
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Example: What's the cinema like now? I don't know, I haven't been there recently
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We can use 'yet' in questions and negative sentences for something that is expected to happen but hasn't happened at the time of speaking
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Example: Have you spoken to Julie yet? No, not yet
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We use 'still' in negative sentence when an action is expected to happen but hasn't
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Example: I gave my teacher my homework last week, but she still hasn't marked it
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Unfinished time period
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To talk about actions that are still continuing
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Today, this week, this morning etc.
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Example: I've sent 100 emails this week (it's still this week)
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So far = up to now
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Example: She's made 5 phone calls so far this afternoon
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Compare: I've drunk two coffees this morning (it's still the morning)
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I drank two coffees this morning (its now the afternoon)
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Repeated actions (They may happen again)
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One time actions (unlikely to be repeated)
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Example: I've watched a lot of Netflix this week
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I watched Die Hard this week
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Superlatives - often used with ever
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This is the best football match I've ever seen
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