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ssh user@host
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ssh user@host (port)
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man (command) = Shows the manpages for the current command
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(Command) --help = Less detailed version of manpages
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whatis <command> -Gets short one line manual page to describe
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grep "TODO" files = Searches for TODO in files
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grep -r "TODO" dir = Searches recursively for TODO in the directory
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locate (file) = Finds all instances of file
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find (file) = Find all instances of file
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netstat -rn -displays destination network and hosts of routing table
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ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1 . -assigns loopback to 127.0.0.1
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ifconfig eth0 127.17.75.20 . -assigns ethernet device to IP
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route add default gw 128.17.75.98 . -adds route to routing table
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clear (clears command line)
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Make script executable: chmod +x <scriptname>
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./<scriptname> - Execute script
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if [ -d "$1" ] (Directory)
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elif [ -h "$1" ] (Symbolic Link)
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elif [ -f "$1" ] (File)
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history | less
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sudo \cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf (Setup New Empty Config)
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Setup Static IP: ip addr add 192.168.114.1 dev br0;
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Setting up bridging: sudo dnf install bridge-utils
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sudo brctl addbr br0; sudo brctl addif enp1s0; sudo brctl addif eno1; sudo ifconfig br0 up
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sudo useradd <username>
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sudo smbpasswd -a <username>
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Create single file: touch example
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Create multiple files: touch example1 example2
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Set current time and date of file: touch -a example
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Create file with specified time: touch -t YYMMDDHHMM.SS example
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command < file (Read input of command from file)
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command > file (Write output of command to file)
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command > /dev/null (Discard output of command)
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command >> file (Append output of file)
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command1 | command2 (Pipe output of command1 to command2)
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mkdir (dir) [Creating Directory]
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pwd [Show current directory]
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cp file1 file2 [Copies file1 to file 2]
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cp -r dir1 dir2 [Copies dir1 to dir2]
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rm file/ rm -r dir [Remove file or remove directory]
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chmod ugo=rwx file = Changes permissions of file to Read, write, and execute for the User,Group, and all Others. This command can have many iterations.
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chmod 777 = First digit is read(4+2+1), second is write(4+2+1), and the third is (4+2+1). Many combinations of numbers can be used.
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dig oreilly.com -returns information help by domain
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sudo systemctl start/stop/restart 'nginx.service' . -start, stop, and restart service with systemctl
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sudo systemctl enable/disable 'nginx.service' -disables or enables service
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systemctl list-units --all . -lists all units systemd has loaded into the system
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journalctl . -view all log entries
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sudo systemctl edit 'nginx.service' . -modify service directly
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Exit 0 (Standard exit)
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Exit (1,2,3,etc.) - If you want to customize for your script
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/ - Root
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/bin – Essential User Binaries
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/boot – Static Boot Files
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/dev – Device Files
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/etc – Configuration Files
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/home – Home Folders
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/lib – Essential Shared Libraries
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option domain-name “sap.cslab.moravian.edu”;
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option domain-name-servers sap.cslab.moravian.edu;
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authoritative;
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log-facility local7;
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Creating an array: array=("This" "is" "an" "array")
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Print element in array: echo ${array[0]}, echo ${array[1]}
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Expand all elements of array: printf ${array[@]}
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Delete array value: unset ARRAY[1]
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users
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which <filename>
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Display and manage top processes: top
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Display processor related statistics: mpstat 1
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Display virtual memory statistics: vmstat 1
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Display the last 100 syslog messages: tail 100 /var/log/messages
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Monitor all traffic on port 80: tcpdump -i eth0 'port 80'
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List files opened by user: lsof -u user
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Display free and used memory ( -h for human readable, -m is MB, -g is GB): free -hmg
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ls [list files in a directory]
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ls -al [Formats files in a list and shows hidden files
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cd (dir) [Change directory]
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pwd [Show current directory]
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more (file) [Outputs contents of a file]
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firewall-cmd --add-service='service name' -Adds system service to firewall protection
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sudo dnf install <package> -useful for installing new packages from the command line
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sudo dnf upgrade <package> -upgrades or updates given package
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sudo dnf remove <package> -removes the selected package
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if []; then echo "" exit 1 . -if-then-exit commands for scripts
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cron -e (Find timed services)
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crontab -l 2>/dev/null | grep -q "0 0 * crontab <command> (Ensure crontab is not outputting any else but the job to run)
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df -h (Shows used disk space of certain file or directory)
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tar -x (Exract files) -v (verbose) z (zipped file) -f (use tar archive for operation)
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jupyterhub --generate-config (Generates jupyterhub_config.py)
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jupyterhub -f /etc/jupyterhub/jupyterhub_config.py (Start jupyterhub using config)
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c.JupyterHub.ip = '192.168.1.2' c.JupyterHub.port = 443 (Change IP and Port in config FIle)
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reboot
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sudo dnf install ntp -y
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sudo dnf install krb5-libs krb5-server krb5-workstation
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Edit /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kadm5.acl Change /admin@EXAMPLE to /admin
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sudo /usr/sbin/kdb5_util create -s
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Example to test if directory was created: test -d /tmp/temp_dir
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uptime
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wget -c [URL]
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find . -mtime -1 -type f -print | xargs tar --create --gzip --file=$DESTDIR$FIL> : Reads items from the standard input
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Ctrl+C = Ends current process
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Ctrl+Z = Stops current process, but can be resumed
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Ctrl+D = Log out of current session
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exit = Log Out of current session
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Up/Down Arrows = Navigate through previous commands
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ipconfig -a -displays all networks and interfaces
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ping host -send a ping signal to the host
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ifconfig eth0 -displays eth0 address and details
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#!/bin/bash -normal shebang of commented file
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echo "Hello World!" -display line of text
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#comment -# is the standard way to command in text editor
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variable_name="Sebastiaan" -standard way to establish variables
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find -mtime (Files access within certain time) -type (Look for specific file type)
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$HOME
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if command -v "$1" >/dev/null; then
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if [ -v "$1" ]; then
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Add this command to JupyterHub config: from oauthenticator.google import GoogleOAuthenticator c.JupyterHub.authenticator_class = GoogleOAuthenticator
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Customize domain name: c.GoogleOAuthenticator.hosted_domain = ['jupyterhub.com']
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Installing oauth: dnf install oauthenticator
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Create an alias example: alias 11='ls --color=auto'
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Chec k whether command is an alias: type -a 11
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Create function in command line example: bash$ home() { printf '%s\n' "$HOME" ; }
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-- in a function: The option terminator string
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"$@" expands to all of the arguments given to the function: printf '%s\n' "$@"
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Save defined fucntion in bash: declare -f home
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When writing functions in scripts, it is best to instantiate them at the top of the script so no errors are produced.
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Secure copy example.txt to the /tmp folder on server: scp example.txt server:/tmp
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Copy .zip files from server to the local /tmp folder: scp server:/var/www/.zip /tmp
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Copy all files and directories recursively from server: scp -r server:/var/www /tmp
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Synchronize /home to /home/.backups: rsync -a /home /backups/
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Cheatography n. The art of mapping complex subjects into clear, instantly navigable reference guides.
