|
monochronic- time is given and people are variables, people do one thing at a time and finish it before starting something else.
|
|
polychronic-time is the servant and tool of people, people do several things simultaneously, required by the circumstances.
|
|
high uncertainty avoidance- people with this have anxiety about the unknown so they try to control life. they have many laws, regulations, rules, and procedures and emphasize it must be obeyed.
|
|
low uncertainty avoidance- people with this have low anxiety and are less threatened by the unknown and uncertain. there is less government involvement and they tolerate differences fairly well.
|
|
high power distance- these cultures believe that inequalities in power and status are natural. those with power emphasize it and do not share it.
|
|
low power distance- these cultures think that inequalities in power and status is largely fake. those with power deemphasize it and share power as much a possible.
|
|
1. initial enthusiasm (honeymoon)- happens during the first week or two in a country and the attitude towards the country is generally positive.
|
|
2. initial country & culture shock- within the first few weeks, more realistic and mixed reactions.
|
|
3. initial adjustment- happens after several weeks, some aspects of the country & culture now seem normal.
|
|
4. further culture shock- in the first few months, you experience withdraw and more obstacles to overcome.
|
|
5. further adjustment- happens after settling-in, you adapt and understand the culture better.
|
|
religion- whatever religion a country had, they will carry the same ideology when establishing their culture and values in their government documents, laws, and norms.
|
|
geography- the earliest imprints of a country is affected by their location, which includes dangers, risks, safety, isolation as well as (un)limited resources and opportunity.
|
|
attitude- countries that start after any form of repression will establish their law and values with the mind of not repeating their previously experienced history.
|
|
individual personality- citizens of a country will share common characteristics (hard working, distant, kind, etc) based on the historical events of that country.
|
|
I. unconscious incompetence- the first state when you are unaware of cultural differences.
|
|
II. conscious incompetence- when you realize there are differences and things you don't understand.
|
|
III. conscious competence- you know some cultural differences and adjust your behavior to replace your old instincts with new ones.
|
|
IV. unconscious competence- the last state when appropriate behavior is now automatic and you are reconditioned by the new culture.
|
|
universalism- there are no exception for anyone and everyone and every situation must be treated the same without bias.
|
|
particularism- it all depends on the circumstances and how is involved, life is not fair and exceptions are always made.
|
|
stage 1: denial- this is when someone doesn't believe in cultural differences and impose their values onto others.
|
|
stage 2: defense- the person believes in cultural differences now but view other cultures negatively and inferior to their own.
|
|
stage 3: minimization- now they don't think that those who are different are inferior, but rather that the differences are not significant. they trivialize differences and believe people are more similar than dissimilar.
|
|
stage 4: acceptance- the person accepts differences as being deep and legitimate, they are more tolerant to other's differences and are neutral about differences.
|
|
stage 5: adaptation and integration- the person becomes positive about differences and are willing to adjust their own behaviors to conform to different norms, these people are known as bicultural or multicultural.
|
|
internal control- the person controls their own life and there are no limits on what they can do if they focus and make effort.
|
|
external control- the person does not have control over their life, some aspects are already decided and there are limits on what they can do.
|
|
achieved status- is a doing culture, status does not come from birth, age, rank, or seniority.
|
|
ascribed status- is a being culture, statues is already established and where on is born, family, and social class matter.
|
|
percent of communication through words
|
|
7
|
|
percent of communication in voice (tone, volume, etc.)
|
|
38
|
|
percent of communication in body language (non-verbal)
|
|
55
|
|
percent of emotion that in non-verbal
|
|
90
|
|
direct and low context- these cultures tend to be individualistic and monochromatic, the society is very mixed so nothing can be assumed.
|
|
indirect and high context- these cultures tend to be collective and homogenous, indirect and nonverbal communication is much more important.
|
No comments yet.
Cheatography n. The art of mapping complex subjects into clear, instantly navigable reference guides.
