Science - Staying Alive Cheat Sheet

Enzymes are chemicals that speed up chemical reactions.
- Carboh­ydrase – breaks carboh­ydrate into smaller sugars.
- Protease – breaks protein into amino acids.
- Lipase – breaks fat into fatty acids and glycerol.

Blood is respon­sible for:
• Transp­orting gases (Oxygen, Carbon dioxide)
• Transp­orting water
• Transp­orting Nutrients
• Transp­orting Wastes
• Delivering immune cells to fight disease
• Transp­orting heat

Diseases associated with obesity

• High blood pressure
• Athero­scl­erosis
• Cardio­vas­cular disease
• Stroke
• Some cancers
- Breast
- Endome­trial
- Colon
• Type 2 diabetes

The recomm­ended daily intake of kilo-j­oules for an adult - 8700

Factors that increase the risk of obesity:
- Genetics (Obese parentage)
- Eating more kilojoules than you use
- Inactivity (Exercise)
- Modern living (Cars, computers)
- Socioe­conomic factors (Money and Education)

Cellular respir­ation is the process of taking in oxygen to produce energy, water and carbon dioxide.
The role of the circul­atory system is to carry oxygen to tissues, wastes away from tissues and nutrients water and heat around the body.

Inhala­tion. Ribcage moves outward and the lungs expand, Air moves in, Diaphragm moves down, volume of chest cavity increases, interc­ostal muscles contract, decreases pressure in chest cavity.

Exhala­tion, ribcage moves inward and the lungs contract, air moves out, diaphragm moves up, volume of chest cavity decreases, interc­ostal muscles expand, increases pressure in chest cavity.

Breathing out is called relaxing, breathing in is called contra­cting.

In the lungs, oxygen travels to thousands of tiny air sacs called alveoli.
These are covered in capill­aries, The increased surface area-b­ecause of these tiny air sacs- paired with thin walls, increase the rate of gas diffusion into/from the capill­aries