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ls
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- list files in the directory
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ls -al
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- list long formatted files with hidden files
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cd
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- return to home directory
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pwd
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- display current working directory
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touch file
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- create or update file
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mkdir dir
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- create a new directory dir
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rm file
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- remove file
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nano file
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- edit the file using Nano's editor
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mv file1 file2/dir
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- rename file1 to file2 or move file1 to dir
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rmdir dir
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- remove empty directory dir
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rm -r dir
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- remove directory dir
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cp file1 file2
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- copy file1 to file2
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cp -r dir1 dir2
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- copy directory dir1 to dir2 and create dir2 if it does not exist
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chmod file
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- change file permission
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chmod u-w file
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- remove the writable permission from file to user
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chmod 777 file
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- give read, write, execute permission to all
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Operator for chmod
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+
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add the specified modes
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-
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Remove the specified modes from file or dir
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=
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Set the specified modes
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chown user:group file
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- change the ownership of file
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groupadd group
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- add a new group
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useradd -g group nUser
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- add a new user to group
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usermod -g group eUser
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- add an existing user to group
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lid -g group
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- list all the users in the group
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ping host
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- ping host
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wget file
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- download file
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whoami
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- display the login username
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uname -a
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- display all the system information
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whereis app
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- show possible locations of app
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which app
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- shows the full path of the app
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df -h
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- show file system disk space usage with human-readable storage size
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du -d0 -h dir
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- display the directory space usage without displaying subdirectories
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ps
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- display current active processes
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top
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- display all running processes
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kill pid
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- kill a process by ID
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killall procname
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- kill a process by a name
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tar -cvf file.tar files/dir
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- create a tar file to archive the files/dir and display the progress in the terminal.
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tar -xzvf file.tar.gz -C dir
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- extract a tar using Gzip to directory dir
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tar -czf file.gz file.tar
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- compress the file.tar to file.gz using Gzip
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gzip file
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- compress file and rename it to file.gz
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gzip -d file.gz
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- decompress file.gz back to file
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grep pattern files
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- search for pattern in files, * denotes all the files
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grep -r pattern dir
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- search for the pattern in dir
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grep -i pattern file
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- ignore the case and search for the pattern
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command | grep pattern
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- search for the pattern in the output of command
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locate file
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- find all instances of file by name
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> file
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- output operator to overwrite the file
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>> file
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- append operator to append the text at the end of the file
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- pipe operator to take the output from the preceding command to be the input of the following command
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Cheatography n. The art of mapping complex subjects into clear, instantly navigable reference guides.
