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uname -a
|
Show system and kernel info
|
|
date
|
Show system date
|
|
uptime
|
System uptime
|
|
whoami
|
Show current user
|
|
mount
|
Show mounted filesystems
|
|
man
|
Show manual for command
|
|
env
|
Show environment variables
|
|
echo "STRING"
|
Output string
|
|
echo $NAME
|
Output value of NAME variable
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|
export NAME = value
|
set "value to NAME
|
|
$PATH
|
Executable search path
|
|
$HOME
|
Home directory
|
|
$SHELL
|
Current shell
|
|
pwd
|
Shows present working directory
|
|
mkdir dirname
|
Make directory
|
|
cd dirname
|
Change directory
|
|
cd ..
|
Go to parent directory of current dir
|
|
ls
|
list files
|
|
-l
|
Long list
|
|
-a
|
Show all(hidden files too)
|
|
-R
|
Recursive order
|
|
-r
|
Reverse order
|
|
-t
|
Sort by last modified
|
|
-m
|
Comma separated output
|
|
-Q
|
Quoted output
|
|
-S
|
Sort by file size
|
|
grep pattern files
|
Search for patter in files
|
|
grep -r
|
Recursive search
|
|
grep -i
|
Case insensitive search
|
|
grep -v
|
Inverted search
|
|
find /dir/ -name name
|
Find files starting with name in dir
|
|
find /dir/ -user name
|
Find files owned by name in dir
|
|
locate file
|
Find file
|
|
touch file1
|
create file1
|
|
cat file1 file2
|
concatenate file and output
|
|
file file1
|
get type of file1
|
|
cp file1 file2
|
Copy file1 to file2
|
|
mv file1 file2
|
Move file1 to file2
|
|
rm file1
|
Delete file1
|
|
head file1
|
show top 10 lines of file1
|
|
tail file1
|
show bottom 10 lines of file1
|
|
command < file
|
read input of command from file
|
|
command > file
|
write output to file
|
|
command >> file
|
Append output to file
|
|
command1 | command2
|
Pipe operator to output of command 1 to command 2
|
|
ps
|
show processes
|
|
top
|
show real time processes
|
|
kill pid
|
Kill process with id pid
|
|
pkill name
|
Kill process with name name
|
|
killall name
|
kill all processes with name name
|
|
chown user:group file
|
Change file owner to user and group to group
|
|
chmod 777 file
|
Change mode of file to 777
|
|
The first digit is owner permission,
|
the second is group and third is user
|
|
4
|
read(r)
|
|
2
|
write(w)
|
|
1
|
execute(x)
|
|
CTRL - c
|
Stop current comand
|
|
CTRL - z
|
Sleep program
|
|
CTRL - a
|
Go to start
|
|
CTRL - e
|
Go to end
|
|
CTRL - r
|
search history
|
|
!!
|
repeat last command
|
|
!abc
|
run last command starting with abc
|
|
!$
|
last argument of previous command
|
|
!*
|
all arguments of previous command
|
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