A cheat sheet for systems class
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ADD <dest>, <source>
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Adds <source> to <dest>. <dest> may be a register or memory. <source> may Be a register, memory or immediate value.
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CALL <loc>
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Call a function and return to the next instruction when finished. <proc> may be a relative offset from the current location, a register or memory addr.
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CMP <dest>, <source>
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Compare <source> with <dest>. Similar to SUB instruction but does not Modify the <dest> operand with the result of the subtraction.
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DEC <dest>
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Subtract 1 from <dest>. <dest> may be a register or memory.
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DIV <divisor>
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Divide the EDX:EAX registers (64‐bit combo) by <divisor>. <divisor> may be a register or memory.
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INC <dest>
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Add 1 to <dest>. <dest> may be a register or memory.
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JE <loc>
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Jump if Equal (ZF=1) to <loc>.
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JG <loc>
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Jump if Greater (ZF=0 and SF=OF) to <loc>.
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JGE <loc>
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Jump if Greater or Equal (SF=OF) to <loc>.
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JLE <loc>
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Jump is Less or Equal (SF<>OF) to <loc>.
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JMP <loc>
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Jump to <loc>. Unconditional.
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JNE <loc>
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Jump if Not Equal (ZF=0) to <loc>.
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JNZ <loc>
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Jump if Not Zero (ZF=0) to <loc>.
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JZ <loc>
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Jump if Zero (ZF=1) to <loc>.
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LEA <dest>, <source>
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Load Effective Address. Gets a pointer to the memory expression <source> and stores it in <dest>.
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MOV <dest>, <source>
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Move data from <source> to <dest>. <source> may be an immediate value, register, or a memory address. Dest may be either a memory address or a register. Both <source> and <dest> may not be memory addresses.
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MOVZBL <dest>, <source>
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Zero extend <source> to long and save in <dest>.
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MUL <source>
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Multiply the EDX:EAX registers (64‐bit combo) by <source>. <source> may be a register or memory.
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POP <dest>
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Take a 32‐bit value from the stack and store it in <dest>. ESP is incremented by 4. <dest> may be a register, including segment registers, or memory.
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PUSH <value>
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Adds a 32‐bit value to the top of the stack. Decrements ESP by 4. <value> may be a register, segment register, memory or immediate value.
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ROL <dest>, <count>
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Bitwise Rotate Left the value in <dest> by <count> bits. <dest> may be a register or memory address. <count> may be immediate or CL register.
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ROR <dest>, <count>
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Bitwise Rotate Right the value in <dest> by <count> bits. <dest> may be a register or memory address. <count> may be immediate or CL register.
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SHL <dest>, <count>
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Bitwise Shift Left the value in <dest> by <count> bits. Zero bits added to the least significant bits. <dest> may be reg. or mem. <count> is imm. or CL.
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SHR <dest>, <count>
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Bitwise Shift Right the value in <dest> by <count> bits. Zero bits added to the least significant bits. <dest> may be reg. or mem. <count> is imm. or CL.
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SUB <dest>, <source>
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Subtract <source> from <dest>. <source> may be immediate, memory or a register. <dest> may be memory or a register. (source = dest)‐>ZF=1, (source > dest)‐>CF=1, (source < dest)‐>CF=0 and ZF=0
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TEST <dest>, <source>
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Performs a logical OR operation but does not modify the value in the <dest> operand. (source = dest)‐>ZF=1, (source <> dest)‐>ZF=0.
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XCHG <dest, <source>
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Exchange the contents of <source> and <dest>. Operands may be register or memory. Both operands may not be memory.
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XOR <dest>, <source>
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Bitwise XOR the value in <source> with the value in <dest>, storing the result in <dest>. <dest> may be reg or mem and <source> may be reg, mem or imm.
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– Merges multiple relocatable (.o) object files into a single executable object file that can loaded and executed by the loader.
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– As part of the merging process, resolves external references. • External reference: reference to a symbol defined in another object file.
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– Relocates symbols from their relative locations in the .o files to new absolute positions in the executable.
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– Updates all references to these symbols to reflect their new positions. • References can be in either code or data
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Cheatography n. The art of mapping complex subjects into clear, instantly navigable reference guides.
