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Organic Chemistry Exam 1 Cheat Sheet

A Education › Chemistry cheat sheet in English by shelbeans

CHM 221, chapters 1-5

Chemistry Organic
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Naming Alkanes

1
meth-
2
eth-
3
prop-
4
but-
5
pent-
6
hex-
7
hept-
8
oct-
9
non-
10
dec-

Naming Alkanes Rules

1. Find longest continous carboon chain (Parent Chain) and name based on how many carbons present and stick an -ane on the end
(4 carbon chain = Butane)
2. If 2 or more branches, list alpheb­eti­cally,
3. If more than 1 of same type of group, add prefix (di-,tri-, etc)

Functional Groups

For clarif­ica­tion, a carbonyl is just the C=O

Classi­fic­ation of Isomers

Consti­tut­ional Isomers: isomers that differ in order of atoms connected

Stereo­isomer: Isomers with same connec­tions but different atom arrang­ements
Enanti­omers: stereo­isomers that are nonsup­eri­mpo­sable mirror images
Diaste­reo­mers: steroi­somers that are not mirror images
Cis-Tr­ans­iso­mers: Only compounds w/ double bonds and at least 2 different substi­tuents on either side

Confor­mations

Eclipsed Confor­mation:
Staggered Confor­mat­ions:
0 degrees
Gauche=60 Degrees
  
Anti= 180 degrees
In order of most to least stable:
Anti -> Gauche -> Eclipsed

Chirality

Chiral: If it cant be superi­mposed on its mirror image (entan­tio­mers)

Achiral: The molecules in chich mirron images are super imposable

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