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Number of Layer
|
4th Layer of OSI Model
|
|
Role
|
Transport Data
|
|
Protocols
|
UDP - TCP
|
|
PDU (Protocol Data Unit)
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Segment
|
|
Address
|
Port Number
|
|
Type of Connection
|
Connectionless (Does Not Need Connection Setup)
|
|
Application
|
Time-Sensitive Connections
|
|
Number of Fields in Header
|
Four Field Header
|
|
Type of Connection
|
Connection-Oriented (Needs Connection Setup)
|
|
Application
|
Reliable Connections
|
|
Number of Fields in Header
|
Eleven Field Header
|
|
Active UDP Connections
|
netstat -anp udp |
|
Active TCP Connections
|
netstat -anp tcp |
|
Source Port 16-bit
|
Port on The Receiver's Side
|
|
Destination Port 16-bit
|
Port on The Sender's Side
|
|
Length 16-bit
|
The Number of Bytes in The UDP Header And Any Data Follows
|
|
Checksum 16-bit
|
Calculated Value for Ensuring Data Integrity
|
|
Source Port 16-bit
|
The Port on The Sender Side
|
|
Destination Port 16-bit
|
The Port on The Receiver Side
|
|
Stream
|
A Communication Between Two Endpoints
|
|
TCP Segment Length
|
The Value of The TCP Payload (The Data That Follows The TCP Header)
|
|
Sequence Number 32-bit
|
The Byte Number of The First Byte of Data
|
|
Next Sequence Number
|
Current Sequence Number Plus The TCP Segment Length
|
|
Acknowledgment Number 32-bit
|
The Sequence Number of The Next Byte The Receiver Expects to Receive
|
|
Offset
|
Indicates The Length of The TCP Header
|
|
Reserved
|
3-bit
|
For Future Use
|
|
Nonce
|
1-bit
|
Experimental Use
|
|
CWR
|
1-bit
|
Respond to Indications of Network Congestion with Congestion Avoidance
|
|
ECE
|
1-bit
|
Notify The Endpoints of Any Network Congestion to Avoid Dropping Packets
|
|
URG
|
1-bit
|
Indicates a Packet That Should Have Priority
|
|
ACK
|
1-bit
|
Acknowledging The Data Was Received
|
|
PSH
|
1-bit
|
Informing Data Should Be Sent Immediately
|
|
RST
|
1-bit
|
Aborting The TCP Connection
|
|
SYN
|
1-bit
|
Synchronizing The Sequence Numbers
|
|
FIN
|
1-bit
|
closing The Connection
|
|
Window Size 16-bit
|
Controls The Flow of Data
|
|
Scaling Factor
|
A Value For Expanding Window Size
|
|
Window Size Scaling Factor
|
2 ^ (Scaling Factor) if Scaling Factor >= 0
|
|
Calculated Window Size
|
Window Size * Window Size Scaling Factor
|
|
Checksum
|
A Calculated Value For Error Detection
|
|
Urgent Pointer
|
Points to The Sequence Number of Urgent Data
|
|
Options
|
Extra Options Like Timestamps And No-operation
|
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