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A report is an informative formal piece of writing concerning a particular person, place, situation, plan, etc.
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It is slightly different to an essay in the sense that it is a far more formal and professional way of conducting an analysis of your topic.
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statement of the results of an investigation or of any matter on which definite information is required - Oxford English Dictionary
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Laboratory report
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This type of report conveys and analyzes the results of a scientific experiment.
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Business report
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This analyzes a situation and uses business theory to provide solutions or recommendations.
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Case study report
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This examines a real-world situation (the 'case') and analyzes it using appropriate theory (the 'study').
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Project report
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This briefly discusses project's objectives, budget, & outcomes
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Research report
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his gives the results of research which has been conducted, for example through surveys (via questionnaires or interviews).
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Progress report
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This informs a supervisor about progress on a project over a certain period of time.
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Design report
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This report is used by engineers and describes and evaluates a design used to solve a particular problem.
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Field Report
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Phenomena under study
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New ideas can be realized
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Point-of-view can be known and learned to be accepted
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Decisions can be made to help influence people's choice
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Alternative recommendations become available in crucial decision-making
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Title Page
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may include report title, purpose, writer's name and affiliation (school or company)
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Table of Contents
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pages are in cascading order
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List of abbreviations and/or glossary
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Executive summary / Abstract
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brief overview that stands alone
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find info "at a glance"
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summarize each section of report in 1-2 sentences
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sometimes follows a required word count
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Introduction
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introduces topic and its background and significance
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identifies specfic problem
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defines any important terms used
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Body/Methodology
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includes results and discussions
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treatment of problem is divided into different aspects
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definition of problem, analysis of its features, stages, and/or causes, & proposals for diff. ways of managing the problem
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Conclusion
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summarizes report's main points
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no new info here
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Recommendations
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present specific suggestions for action that arise from the analysis and findings of the report
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Bibliography/ Reference list
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alphabetical order
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Appendices
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table/figure/material that is too long but necessary
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numbered and titled
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included in table of contents
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Cheatography n. The art of mapping complex subjects into clear, instantly navigable reference guides.
