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ls
|
List files and directories.
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cd
|
Change the current directory.
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pwd
|
Print the working directory.
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touch
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Create an empty file.
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mkdir
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Create a new directory.
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rm
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Remove files or directories.
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cp
|
Copy files or directories.
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mv
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Move or rename files or directories.
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apt / apt-get
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Package management for Debian-based systems.
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yum
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Package management for Red Hat-based systems.
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dnf
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Package management for Fedora and CentOS.
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zypper
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Package management for openSUSE.
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tar
|
Archive files.
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gzip / gunzip
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Compress or decompress files.
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zip / unzip
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Create or extract zip archives.
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bzip2 / bunzip2
|
Compress or decompress files with bzip2.
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xz / unxz
|
Compress or decompress files with xz.
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ps
|
Display currently running processes.
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kill
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Terminate processes.
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top
|
Monitor system processes in real-time.
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ps aux
|
Show detailed process information.
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killall
|
Terminate processes by name.
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chmod
|
Change file permissions.
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chown
|
Change file owner and group.
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umask
|
Set default file permissions for new files.
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chgrp
|
Change group ownership of a file or directory.
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lsattr
|
List file attributes.
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date
|
Display or set the system date and time.
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|
history
|
View command history.
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man
|
Display the manual pages for commands.
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cal
|
Display a calendar.
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|
who
|
Show who is logged on.
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uptime
|
Show system uptime.
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watch
|
Execute a command repeatedly and display results.
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cat
|
Concatenate and display file contents.
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more / less
|
View file contents one page at a time.
|
|
nano / vim / emacs
|
Text editors for file editing.
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head
|
Display the beginning of a file.
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tail
|
Display the end of a file.
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wc
|
Count lines, words, and characters in a file.
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sed
|
Stream editor for text manipulation.
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ping
|
Check network connectivity to a host.
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ifconfig / ip
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Network interface configuration.
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ssh
|
Securely connect to a remote machine.
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scp
|
Securely copy files between machines.
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netstat
|
Network statistics and active connections.
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nslookup
|
Query DNS servers for DNS-related information.
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curl
|
Transfer data from or to a server.
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wget
|
Download files from the web.
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uname
|
Display system information.
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df
|
Disk space usage.
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free
|
Display memory usage.
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uptime
|
Show system uptime.
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lsb_release
|
Display Linux Standard Base (LSB) information.
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lscpu
|
Display CPU information.
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lshw
|
List hardware information.
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lsblk
|
List block devices.
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grep
|
Search for text in files.
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sed
|
Stream editor for text manipulation.
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awk
|
Text processing and pattern matching.
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cut
|
Remove sections from each line of a file.
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sort
|
Sort lines of text files.
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tr
|
Translate characters in a file.
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comm
|
Compare two sorted files line by line.
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useradd / adduser
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Create a new user.
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passwd
|
Change user password.
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usermod
|
Modify user account settings.
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userdel
|
Delete a user account.
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id
|
Display user and group information.
|
|
groups
|
Show group membership for a user.
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Cheatography n. The art of mapping complex subjects into clear, instantly navigable reference guides.
