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Photosynthesis-process that converts solar energy into chemical energy
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Autotroph-sustain themselves without eating anything from other organisms
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Photoautotroph-obtain their organic material from other organisms
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Chloroplasts-the sites of PS in plants
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Leaves-major locations of PS
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Chlorophyll-green pigment within chloroplasts
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Stomata-microscopic pores CO2 enters and O2 exits through the leaf
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Mesophyll-interior tissue of leaf
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Thylakoids-connected sacs in the chloroplast
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Stroma-a dense fluid chloroplasts contain
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Absorption spectrum-graph plotting a pigment's light absorption versus wavelength
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Action spectrum-profiles the relative effectiveness of different wavelengths of radiation in driving a process
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Chlorophyll A-main photosynthetic pigment
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Chlorophyll B-accessory pigments that broadens the spectrum used for PS
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Carotenoids-accessory pigments that absorb excess light that would damage chlorophyll
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Chloroplasts split H2O into hydrogen and oxygen, incorporating the electrons of hydrogen into sugar molecules
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H2O is oxidized and CO2 is reduced
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Thylakoids transform light energy into chemical energy using ATP and NADPH
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Linear electron flow-primary pathway, involves both photosystems and produces ATP and NADPH using light energy
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Photosystem- reaction-center complex surrounded by light harvesting complexes
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Primary electron acceptor-reaction center accepts an electron from chlorophyll A
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Photosystem II (functions first)-best at absorbing wavelength of 680 nm
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Photosystem I (functions second)-best at absorbing wavelength of 700 nm
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Most common and the most efficient at photosynthesis in cool, wet climates
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Minimize photorespiration by incorporating CO2 into 4 carbon compounds in mesophyll cells
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Requires PEP carboxylase (has a higher affinity for CO2 than O2)
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Open stomata at night, incorporating CO2 into organic acids and used in the calvin cycle
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Energy entering chloroplasts as sunlight gets stored as chemical energy in organic compounds
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Plants store excess sugar as starch in structures such as roots, tubers, seeds, fruits
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Produces O2 in our atmosphere
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Energy entering chloroplasts as sunlight gets stored as chemical energy in organic compounds
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Uses only PS 1 and produces ATP but not NADPH
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Generates surplus ATP, satisfying higher demand for calvin cycle
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May protect cells from light induced damage
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Light is a form of electromagnetic energy that travels in rhythmic waves
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Wavelength-distance between crests of waves
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Wavelength determines the type of electromagnetic energy
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Electromagnetic Spectrum- entire range of electromagnetic energy or radiation
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Visible light-wavelengths that produce colors we can see
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Photons- discrete particles light consists of
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Cheatography n. The art of mapping complex subjects into clear, instantly navigable reference guides.
