Systemd : system state, services management, troubleshooting and runlevels.
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Old command
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Systemd command
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Description
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halt
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systemctl halt
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Halts the system.
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poweroff
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systemctl poweroff
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Powers off the system.
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reboot
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systemctl reboot
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Restarts the system.
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pm-suspend
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systemctl suspend
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Suspends the system.
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pm-hibernate
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systemctl hibernate
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Hibernates the system.
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pm-suspend-hybrid
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systemctl hybrid-sleep
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Hibernates and suspend the system.
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SysVinit command
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Systemd command
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Notes
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service httpd start
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systemctl start httpd.service
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Start a service (not reboot persistent).
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service httpd stop
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systemctl stop httpd.service
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Stop a service (not reboot persistent).
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service httpd restart
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systemctl restart httpd.service
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Restart a service.
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service httpd reload
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systemctl reload httpd.service
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Reloads the configuration files without interrupting pending operations.
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service httpd condrestart
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systemctl condrestart httpd.service
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Restarts if the service is already running.
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service httpd status
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systemctl status httpd.service
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Shows the status of a service.
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service --status-all
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systemctl list-units --type=service
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Displays the status of all services.
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ls /etc/rc.d/init.d/
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systemctl list-unit-files --type=service
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List the services that can be started or stopped.
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chkconfig httpd on
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systemctl enable httpd.service
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Start service at next boot.
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chkconfig httpd off
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systemctl disable httpd.service
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Service won't be started on next boot.
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chkconfig httpd
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systemctl is-enabled httpd.service
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Check if a service is configured to start in the current environment.
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chkconfig --list
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systemctl list-unit-files --type=service or ls /etc/systemd/system/*.wants/
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Print a list of services showing which runlevels they are configured for.
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chkconfig httpd --list
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ls /etc/systemd/system/*.wants/httpd.service
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Show which runlevels a service is configured for.
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chkconfig httpd --add
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systemctl daemon-reload
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Run this command after a change in any configuration file (old or new).
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Command
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Notes
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systemctl get-default
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Determine which target unit is used by default.
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systemctl set-default multi-user.target
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Change default boot target to multi-user.target.
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journalctl -b
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Show all messages from last boot.
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journalctl -b -p err
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Show all messages of priority level ERROR and more from last boot.
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journalctl -p warning --since="2015-07-31 12:34:56" --until="2015-09-19 23:59:59"
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View the messages of priority level WARNING or more from a certain date and time.
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journalctl -f
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Follow new messages a la tail -f.
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journalctl -u SERVICE
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Show logs for SERVICE.
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journalctl /usr/sbin/httpd
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Show all messages related to a specific executable.
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journalctl --full
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Display all messages without truncating any.
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systemctl --state=failed
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Display the services that failed to start.
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systemctl list-units --type=target
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Show current runlevel.
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systemctl isolate graphical.target
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Change the current runlevel (target).
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systemctl rescue/emergency
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Switch to Rescue (single user)/Emergency mode.
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systemctl kill SERVICE.service
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Gently kill SERVICE (SIGTERM, 15).
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systemd-cgls
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Show the full systemd control group (cgroup) hierarchy as a tree.
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systemctl show -p "Wants" multi-user.target
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Find out what other units does a unit depend on.
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systemctl list-jobs
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Show jobs.
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SysVinit runlevel
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Systemd target
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Notes
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0
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runlevel0.target, poweroff.target
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Halt the system.
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1, s, single
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runlevel1.target, rescue.target
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Single user mode.
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2, 4
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runlevel2.target, runlevel4.target, multi-user.target
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User-defined runlevels (identical to 3).
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3
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runlevel3.target, multi-user.target
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Multi-user, non-graphical.
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5
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runlevel5.target, graphical.target
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Multi-user, graphical.
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6
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runlevel6.target, reboot.target
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Rebbot.
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emergency
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emergency.target
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Emergency shell.
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