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1. Cut seven uniform cylinders of beet using a cork borer with a 5-mm inside diameter.
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2. Trim each cylinder to exactly 15 mm in length. All the cylinders must be the same size.
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3. Place these cylinders of beet tissue in a beaker and rinse them with tap water for 2 min to wash betacyanin from the injured cells on the surface. Be sure that all of the cylinders are the same size. Discard the coloured rinse-water.
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4. Place one of the seven beet sections into each of five dry test tubes. Do not crush, stab, or otherwise damage the cylinders when moving them to the test tubes.
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5. Label the tubes 1–6 and write the organic-solvent treatment on each tube as listed in observation table.
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6. Add 10.0 mL of the appropriate solvent (see table) to each of the tubes.
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7. Keep all test tubes at room temperature for 20 min and shake them occasionally. Then remove and discard the beet sections and measure the extent of membrane damage.
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8. Quantify the relative colour of each solution between 0 (colourless) and 10 (darkest red). If colour standards are available in the lab, use them to determine relative values for the colours of your samples.
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9. Draw a labelled diagram / paste photo of experimental set up.
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Test Tube No.
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Content in the tube/ Treatment
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Volume of Ethanol (ml)
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Volume of Water (ml)
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Colour Intensity
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1
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Distilled Water
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0
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10
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Keep All the
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Colourless
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2
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20% Ethanol
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2
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8
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Test Tubes
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3
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40% Ethanol
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4
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6
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at room
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4
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60% Ethanol
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6
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4
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temperature
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5
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80% Ethanol
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8
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2
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for 20 min
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6
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100% Ethanol
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10
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0
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and shake occasionally. them
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