Access Control Models Cheat Sheet

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GSEC CHEAT SHEET REGARDING ACCESS CONTROL MODELS

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INTROD­UCTION

Access control is an essential aspect of inform­ation security that regulates access to resources based on predefined policies. Access control models determine the permis­sions granted to users or processes and the level of access they have to different resources. Several access control models have been developed to address different security requir­ements, such as Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attrib­ute­-Based Access Control (ABAC), Mandatory Access Control (MAC), Discre­tionary Access Control (DAC), Contex­t-Based Access Control (CBAC), and Risk-A­daptive Access Control (RAC).

ACCESS CONTROL MODELS

RBAC
RBAC is an access control model that associates permis­sions with roles rather than individual users. This model provides a scalable and flexible approach to access control, enabling the management of large and complex systems. RBAC assigns users to roles based on their job functions and respon­sib­ilities and allows admini­str­ators to manage permis­sions at the role level. Users can perform their tasks and access resources based on the permis­sions associated with their roles. This model is widely used in organi­zat­ions, such as health­care, finance, and govern­ment, to control access to sensitive data and resources.
ABAC
ABAC is an access control model that uses attributes to determine access to resources. This model enables a fine-g­rained and contex­t-aware approach to access control, where access decisions are based on user attrib­utes, resource attrib­utes, enviro­nmental attrib­utes, and policy attrib­utes. ABAC policies can be expressed in a formal language, such as XACML, and can be evaluated dynami­cally at runtime. This model is suitable for complex and dynamic enviro­nments, such as cloud computing and IoT, where access decisions are based on various factors, such as location, time, and device.
MAC
MAC is an access control model that enforces a hierar­chical and rigid access control policy. In MAC, the access rights to resources are determined by the system admini­strator or security policy, and users have limited control over their permis­sions. This model is commonly used in government and military enviro­nments to protect classified inform­ation and ensure data confid­ent­iality. MAC provides a high level of security but can be challe­nging to manage and admini­ster.
DAC
DAC is an access control model that grants users full control over their resources, enabling them to set permis­sions and share resources with other users. This model is widely used in personal computing and small-­scale systems, where users need flexib­ility and control over their resources. DAC provides a simple and intuitive approach to access control but can be challe­nging to scale and manage in large and complex systems.
CBAC
CBAC is an access control model that uses contextual inform­ation to determine access to resources. This model considers various factors, such as user identity, device location, time of day, and network topology, to make access decisions. CBAC provides a dynamic and adaptable approach to access control, enabling organi­zations to respond quickly to changing security threats and enviro­nmental factors. CBAC is suitable for enviro­nments, such as healthcare and finance, where access decisions are based on multiple factors.
RAC
RAC is an access control model that uses risk assess­ments to determine access to resources. This model evaluates various factors, such as user behavior, resource sensit­ivity, and enviro­nmental condit­ions, to calculate the level of risk associated with a particular access request. RAC policies can be dynami­cally adjusted based on the level of risk and can enable organi­zations to balance security and usability. RAC is suitable for enviro­nments, such as e-commerce and online banking, where access decisions are based on the level of risk associated with the transa­ction.

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